CVE-2010-4478
CVE-2010-4478 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Openbsd Openssh with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-287.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
- CVSS v2: 7.5
- EPSS exploit prediction: 4% (90th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-287
- Affected product: Openbsd Openssh
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
OpenSSH 5.6 and earlier, when J-PAKE is enabled, does not properly validate the public parameters in the J-PAKE protocol, which allows remote attackers to bypass the need for knowledge of the shared secret, and successfully authenticate, by sending crafted values in each round of the protocol, a related issue to CVE-2010-4252.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2010-4478?
- OpenSSH 5.6 and earlier, when J-PAKE is enabled, does not properly validate the public parameters in the J-PAKE protocol, which allows remote attackers to bypass the need for knowledge of the shared secret, and successfully authenticate, by sending crafted values in each round of the protocol, a related issue to CVE-2010-4252.
- How severe is CVE-2010-4478?
- CVE-2010-4478 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2010-4478 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 4% (90th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2010-4478?
- CVE-2010-4478 primarily affects Openbsd Openssh. In total, 78 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2010-4478?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- When was CVE-2010-4478 published?
- CVE-2010-4478 was published on 2010-12-06 and last updated on 2026-06-16.
References
- http://kb.juniper.net/InfoCenter/index?page=content&id=JSA10673
- http://seb.dbzteam.org/crypto/jpake-session-key-retrieval.pdf
- http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.bin/ssh/jpake.c#rev1.5
- http://www.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/usr.bin/ssh/jpake.c.diff?r1=1.4%3Br2=1.5%3Bf=h
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=659297
- https://github.com/seb-m/jpake
- https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A12338
Affected products (78)
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:1.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:1.2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:1.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:1.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:1.2.27:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:1.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:1.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:1.5.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:1.5.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.1.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.5.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.5.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.9.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.9.9p2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.9p1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:2.9p2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.0.1p1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.0.2p1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.0p1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.1p1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.2.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.2.2p1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.2.3p1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.3p1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.4p1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:openssh:3.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Other CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) vulnerabilities
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Browse all CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) vulnerabilities →
Threat intelligence
Threat-intel indicators referencing this CVE:
- 69.73.187.130 (ipv4-addr)
- 122.114.69.235 (ipv4-addr)
- 92.47.46.174 (ipv4-addr)
- 76.12.128.249 (ipv4-addr)
- 62.182.118.138 (ipv4-addr)
- 61.76.136.25 (ipv4-addr)
- 213.135.175.76 (ipv4-addr)
- 187.237.47.214 (ipv4-addr)