CVE-2016-2385
CVE-2016-2385 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Kamailio with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score of 31% places it in the 98th percentile, indicating an elevated likelihood of exploitation. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-119.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
- CVSS v2: 10.0
- EPSS exploit prediction: 31% (98th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-119
- Affected product: Kamailio
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Heap-based buffer overflow in the encode_msg function in encode_msg.c in the SEAS module in Kamailio (formerly OpenSER and SER) before 4.3.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and process crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a large SIP packet.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2016-2385?
- Heap-based buffer overflow in the encode_msg function in encode_msg.c in the SEAS module in Kamailio (formerly OpenSER and SER) before 4.3.5 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (memory corruption and process crash) or possibly execute arbitrary code via a large SIP packet.
- How severe is CVE-2016-2385?
- CVE-2016-2385 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2016-2385 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 31% (98th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2016-2385?
- CVE-2016-2385 primarily affects Kamailio. In total, 2 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2016-2385?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- When was CVE-2016-2385 published?
- CVE-2016-2385 was published on 2016-04-11 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/136477/Kamailio-4.3.4-Heap-Overflow.html
- http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3535
- http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3537
- http://www.kamailio.org/pub/kamailio/4.3.5/ChangeLog
- http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/537926/100/0/threaded
- https://census-labs.com/news/2016/03/30/kamailio-seas-heap-overflow/
- https://github.com/kamailio/kamailio/commit/f50c9c853e7809810099c970780c30b0765b0643
- https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39638/
Affected products (2)
- cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:kamailio:kamailio:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
More vulnerabilities in Kamailio
- CVE-2020-27507 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): The Kamailio SIP before 5.5.0 server mishandles INVITE requests with duplicated fields and overlength tag, leading to a…
- CVE-2018-16657 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): In Kamailio before 5.0.7 and 5.1.x before 5.1.4, a crafted SIP message with an invalid Via header causes a segmentation…
- CVE-2018-14767 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): In Kamailio before 5.0.7 and 5.1.x before 5.1.4, a crafted SIP message with a double "To" header and an empty "To" tag…
- CVE-2018-8828 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): A Buffer Overflow issue was discovered in Kamailio before 4.4.7, 5.0.x before 5.0.6, and 5.1.x before 5.1.2. A…
- CVE-2013-7426 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Insecure Temporary file vulnerability in /tmp/kamailio_fifo in kamailio 4.0.1.
- CVE-2015-1590 — High (CVSS 7.8): The kamcmd administrative utility and default configuration in kamailio before 4.3.0 use /tmp/kamailio_ctl.
Other CWE-119 (Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer) vulnerabilities
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- CVE-2026-2776 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Sandbox escape due to incorrect boundary conditions in the Telemetry component in External Software. This vulnerability…
- CVE-2025-1866 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer vulnerability in warmcat libwebsockets allows…
- CVE-2022-27625 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): A vulnerability regarding improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer is found in the…
- CVE-2022-27624 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): A vulnerability regarding improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer is found in the…
- CVE-2020-11896 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): The Treck TCP/IP stack before 6.0.1.66 allows Remote Code Execution, related to IPv4 tunneling.