CVE-2018-25126
CVE-2018-25126 is a critical-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.3. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-78.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 4.0 base score 9.3)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 4% (88th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-199000
- Weakness: CWE-78
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Shenzhen TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd. NVMS-9000 firmware (used by many white-labeled DVR/NVR/IPC products) contains hardcoded API credentials and an OS command injection flaw in its configuration services. The web/API interface accepts HTTP/XML requests authenticated with a fixed vendor credential string and passes user-controlled fields into shell execution contexts without proper argument sanitization. An unauthenticated remote attacker can leverage the hard-coded credential to access endpoints such as /editBlackAndWhiteList and inject shell metacharacters inside XML parameters, resulting in arbitrary command execution as root. The same vulnerable backend is also reachable in some models through a proprietary TCP service on port 4567 that accepts a magic GUID preface and base64-encoded XML, enabling the same command injection sink. Firmware releases from mid-February 2018 and later are reported to have addressed this issue. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-01-28 UTC.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2018-25126?
- Shenzhen TVT Digital Technology Co., Ltd. NVMS-9000 firmware (used by many white-labeled DVR/NVR/IPC products) contains hardcoded API credentials and an OS command injection flaw in its configuration services. The web/API interface accepts HTTP/XML requests authenticated with a fixed vendor credential string and passes user-controlled fields into shell execution contexts without proper argument sanitization. An unauthenticated remote attacker can leverage the hard-coded credential to access endpoints such as /editBlackAndWhiteList and inject shell metacharacters inside XML parameters, resulting in arbitrary command execution as root. The same vulnerable backend is also reachable in some models through a proprietary TCP service on port 4567 that accepts a magic GUID preface and base64-encoded XML, enabling the same command injection sink. Firmware releases from mid-February 2018 and later are reported to have addressed this issue. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-01-28 UTC.
- How severe is CVE-2018-25126?
- CVE-2018-25126 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.3, rated critical severity.
- Is CVE-2018-25126 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 4% (88th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- How do I fix CVE-2018-25126?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2018-25126 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2018-25126 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-199000.
- When was CVE-2018-25126 published?
- CVE-2018-25126 was published on 2025-11-24 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://blogs.juniper.net/en-us/threat-research/iot-botnet-exploiting-tvt-shenzhen-dvrs-still-lingers
- https://github.com/mcw0/PoC/blob/master/TVT_and_OEM_IPC_NVR_DVR_RCE_Backdoor_and_Information_Disclosure.txt
- https://qkl.seebug.org/vuldb/ssvid-97217
- https://web.archive.org/web/20180614014914/http://en.tvt.net.cn:80/news/227.html
- https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tvt-nvms9000-hardcoded-api-credentials-and-command-injection
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