CVE-2019-15894
CVE-2019-15894 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Espressif Esp-idf with a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-755.
Key facts
- Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 6.8)
- CVSS v2: 7.2
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (37th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-755
- Affected product: Espressif Esp-idf
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
An issue was discovered in Espressif ESP-IDF 2.x, 3.0.x through 3.0.9, 3.1.x through 3.1.6, 3.2.x through 3.2.3, and 3.3.x through 3.3.1. An attacker who uses fault injection to physically disrupt the ESP32 CPU can bypass the Secure Boot digest verification at startup, and boot unverified code from flash. The fault injection attack does not disable the Flash Encryption feature, so if the ESP32 is configured with the recommended combination of Secure Boot and Flash Encryption, then the impact is minimized. If the ESP32 is configured without Flash Encryption then successful fault injection allows arbitrary code execution. To protect devices with Flash Encryption and Secure Boot enabled against this attack, a firmware change must be made to permanently enable Flash Encryption in the field if it is not already permanently enabled.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2019-15894?
- An issue was discovered in Espressif ESP-IDF 2.x, 3.0.x through 3.0.9, 3.1.x through 3.1.6, 3.2.x through 3.2.3, and 3.3.x through 3.3.1. An attacker who uses fault injection to physically disrupt the ESP32 CPU can bypass the Secure Boot digest verification at startup, and boot unverified code from flash. The fault injection attack does not disable the Flash Encryption feature, so if the ESP32 is configured with the recommended combination of Secure Boot and Flash Encryption, then the impact is minimized. If the ESP32 is configured without Flash Encryption then successful fault injection allows arbitrary code execution. To protect devices with Flash Encryption and Secure Boot enabled against this attack, a firmware change must be made to permanently enable Flash Encryption in the field if it is not already permanently enabled.
- How severe is CVE-2019-15894?
- CVE-2019-15894 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.8, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over physical access with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2019-15894 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (37th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2019-15894?
- CVE-2019-15894 affects Espressif Esp-idf. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2019-15894?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
- When was CVE-2019-15894 published?
- CVE-2019-15894 was published on 2019-10-07 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:espressif:esp-idf:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
More vulnerabilities in Espressif Esp-idf
- CVE-2025-52471 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. An integer underflow vulnerability has been…
- CVE-2026-45328 — Critical (CVSS 9.3): ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In versions 5.5.4 and 6.0, the esp_tee…
- CVE-2025-66409 — Critical (CVSS 9.1): ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In 5.5.1, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, 5.1.6, and…
- CVE-2025-55297 — High (CVSS 8.8): ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. The BluFi example bundled in ESP-IDF was…
- CVE-2024-53406 — High (CVSS 8.8): Espressif Esp idf v5.3.0 is vulnerable to Insecure Permissions resulting in Authentication bypass. In the reconnection…
- CVE-2021-28139 — High (CVSS 8.8): The Bluetooth Classic implementation in Espressif ESP-IDF 4.4 and earlier does not properly restrict the Feature Page…
All CVEs affecting Espressif Esp-idf →
Other CWE-755 (Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions) vulnerabilities
- CVE-2025-34193 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) Virtual Appliance Host versions prior to 25.1.102 and Application versions prior…
- CVE-2025-10156 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): An Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the ZIP archive scanning component of mmaitre314…
- CVE-2021-42142 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): An issue was discovered in Contiki-NG tinyDTLS through master branch 53a0d97. DTLS servers mishandle the early use of a…
- CVE-2021-42141 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): An issue was discovered in Contiki-NG tinyDTLS through 2018-08-30. One incorrect handshake could complete with…
- CVE-2023-38406 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): bgpd/bgp_flowspec.c in FRRouting (FRR) before 8.4.3 mishandles an nlri length of zero, aka a "flowspec overflow."
- CVE-2022-23121 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Netatalk.…
Browse all CWE-755 (Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions) vulnerabilities →