CVE-2021-3490
CVE-2021-3490 is a high-severity vulnerability in Linux Linux Kernel with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score of 27% places it in the 98th percentile, indicating an elevated likelihood of exploitation. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-125.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.8)
- CVSS v2: 7.2
- EPSS exploit prediction: 27% (98th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-125
- Affected product: Linux Linux Kernel
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
The eBPF ALU32 bounds tracking for bitwise ops (AND, OR and XOR) in the Linux kernel did not properly update 32-bit bounds, which could be turned into out of bounds reads and writes in the Linux kernel and therefore, arbitrary code execution. This issue was fixed via commit 049c4e13714e ("bpf: Fix alu32 const subreg bound tracking on bitwise operations") (v5.13-rc4) and backported to the stable kernels in v5.12.4, v5.11.21, and v5.10.37. The AND/OR issues were introduced by commit 3f50f132d840 ("bpf: Verifier, do explicit ALU32 bounds tracking") (5.7-rc1) and the XOR variant was introduced by 2921c90d4718 ("bpf:Fix a verifier failure with xor") ( 5.10-rc1).
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2021-3490?
- The eBPF ALU32 bounds tracking for bitwise ops (AND, OR and XOR) in the Linux kernel did not properly update 32-bit bounds, which could be turned into out of bounds reads and writes in the Linux kernel and therefore, arbitrary code execution. This issue was fixed via commit 049c4e13714e ("bpf: Fix alu32 const subreg bound tracking on bitwise operations") (v5.13-rc4) and backported to the stable kernels in v5.12.4, v5.11.21, and v5.10.37. The AND/OR issues were introduced by commit 3f50f132d840 ("bpf: Verifier, do explicit ALU32 bounds tracking") (5.7-rc1) and the XOR variant was introduced by 2921c90d4718 ("bpf:Fix a verifier failure with xor") ( 5.10-rc1).
- How severe is CVE-2021-3490?
- CVE-2021-3490 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with high attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2021-3490 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 27% (98th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2021-3490?
- CVE-2021-3490 primarily affects Linux Linux Kernel. In total, 8 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2021-3490?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- When was CVE-2021-3490 published?
- CVE-2021-3490 was published on 2021-06-04 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/164015/Linux-eBPF-ALU32-32-bit-Invalid-Bounds-Tracking-Local-Privilege-Escalation.html
- https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf.git/commit/?id=049c4e13714ecbca567b4d5f6d563f05d431c80e
- https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210716-0004/
- https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-4949-1
- https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-4950-1
- https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/05/11/11
- https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-606/
Affected products (8)
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.13:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.13:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.13:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.13:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:20.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:20.10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:21.04:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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