CVE-2021-40529
CVE-2021-40529 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Botan Project Botan with a CVSS 3.x base score of 5.9. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-327.
Key facts
- Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 5.9)
- CVSS v2: 2.6
- EPSS exploit prediction: 2% (72nd percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-327
- Affected product: Botan Project Botan
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
The ElGamal implementation in Botan through 2.18.1, as used in Thunderbird and other products, allows plaintext recovery because, during interaction between two cryptographic libraries, a certain dangerous combination of the prime defined by the receiver's public key, the generator defined by the receiver's public key, and the sender's ephemeral exponents can lead to a cross-configuration attack against OpenPGP.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2021-40529?
- The ElGamal implementation in Botan through 2.18.1, as used in Thunderbird and other products, allows plaintext recovery because, during interaction between two cryptographic libraries, a certain dangerous combination of the prime defined by the receiver's public key, the generator defined by the receiver's public key, and the sender's ephemeral exponents can lead to a cross-configuration attack against OpenPGP.
- How severe is CVE-2021-40529?
- CVE-2021-40529 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 5.9, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity none, and availability none.
- Is CVE-2021-40529 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (72nd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2021-40529?
- CVE-2021-40529 primarily affects Botan Project Botan. In total, 4 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2021-40529?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
- When was CVE-2021-40529 published?
- CVE-2021-40529 was published on 2021-09-06 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://eprint.iacr.org/2021/923
- https://github.com/randombit/botan/pull/2790
- https://ibm.github.io/system-security-research-updates/2021/07/20/insecurity-elgamal-pt1
- https://ibm.github.io/system-security-research-updates/2021/09/06/insecurity-elgamal-pt2
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/72NB4OLD3VHJC3YF3PEP2HKF6BYURPAO/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UPHGYWNJQKWLTUWBNSFB4F66MQDIL3IB/
- https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-14
Affected products (4)
- cpe:2.3:a:botan_project:botan:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:34:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:35:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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