CVE-2021-43848
CVE-2021-43848 is a high-severity vulnerability in Dena H2o with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.4. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-908.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.4)
- CVSS v2: 4.3
- EPSS exploit prediction: 3% (84th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-908
- Affected product: Dena H2o
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
h2o is an open source http server. In code prior to the `8c0eca3` commit h2o may attempt to access uninitialized memory. When receiving QUIC frames in certain order, HTTP/3 server-side implementation of h2o can be misguided to treat uninitialized memory as HTTP/3 frames that have been received. When h2o is used as a reverse proxy, an attacker can abuse this vulnerability to send internal state of h2o to backend servers controlled by the attacker or third party. Also, if there is an HTTP endpoint that reflects the traffic sent from the client, an attacker can use that reflector to obtain internal state of h2o. This internal state includes traffic of other connections in unencrypted form and TLS session tickets. This vulnerability exists in h2o server with HTTP/3 support, between commit 93af138 and d1f0f65. None of the released versions of h2o are affected by this vulnerability. There are no known workarounds. Users of unreleased versions of h2o using HTTP/3 are advised to upgrade immediately.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2021-43848?
- h2o is an open source http server. In code prior to the `8c0eca3` commit h2o may attempt to access uninitialized memory. When receiving QUIC frames in certain order, HTTP/3 server-side implementation of h2o can be misguided to treat uninitialized memory as HTTP/3 frames that have been received. When h2o is used as a reverse proxy, an attacker can abuse this vulnerability to send internal state of h2o to backend servers controlled by the attacker or third party. Also, if there is an HTTP endpoint that reflects the traffic sent from the client, an attacker can use that reflector to obtain internal state of h2o. This internal state includes traffic of other connections in unencrypted form and TLS session tickets. This vulnerability exists in h2o server with HTTP/3 support, between commit 93af138 and d1f0f65. None of the released versions of h2o are affected by this vulnerability. There are no known workarounds. Users of unreleased versions of h2o using HTTP/3 are advised to upgrade immediately.
- How severe is CVE-2021-43848?
- CVE-2021-43848 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.4, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity none, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2021-43848 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 3% (84th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2021-43848?
- CVE-2021-43848 affects Dena H2o. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2021-43848?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- When was CVE-2021-43848 published?
- CVE-2021-43848 was published on 2022-02-01 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/h2o/h2o/commit/8c0eca3
- https://github.com/h2o/h2o/security/advisories/GHSA-f9xw-j925-m4m4
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:dena:h2o:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
More vulnerabilities in Dena H2o
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- CVE-2023-30847 — High (CVSS 8.2): H2O is an HTTP server. In versions 2.3.0-beta2 and prior, when the reverse proxy handler tries to processes a certain…
- CVE-2023-44487 — High (CVSS 7.5): The HTTP/2 protocol allows a denial of service (server resource consumption) because request cancellation can reset…
- CVE-2017-10908 — High (CVSS 7.5): H2O version 2.2.3 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service in the server via specially crafted…
- CVE-2017-10869 — High (CVSS 7.5): Buffer overflow in H2O version 2.2.2 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial-of-service in the server via…
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