CVE-2021-4454
CVE-2021-4454 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Linux Linux Kernel with a CVSS 3.x base score of 5.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low.
Key facts
- Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 5.5)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (13th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2021-34674
- Affected product: Linux Linux Kernel
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: j1939: fix errant WARN_ON_ONCE in j1939_session_deactivate The conclusion "j1939_session_deactivate() should be called with a session ref-count of at least 2" is incorrect. In some concurrent scenarios, j1939_session_deactivate can be called with the session ref-count less than 2. But there is not any problem because it will check the session active state before session putting in j1939_session_deactivate_locked(). Here is the concurrent scenario of the problem reported by syzbot and my reproduction log. cpu0 cpu1 j1939_xtp_rx_eoma j1939_xtp_rx_abort_one j1939_session_get_by_addr [kref == 2] j1939_session_get_by_addr [kref == 3] j1939_session_deactivate [kref == 2] j1939_session_put [kref == 1] j1939_session_completed j1939_session_deactivate WARN_ON_ONCE(kref < 2) ===================================================== WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 21 at net/can/j1939/transport.c:1088 j1939_session_deactivate+0x5f/0x70 CPU: 1 PID: 21 Comm: ksoftirqd/1 Not tainted 5.14.0-rc7+ #32 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.13.0-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:j1939_session_deactivate+0x5f/0x70 Call Trace: j1939_session_deactivate_activate_next+0x11/0x28 j1939_xtp_rx_eoma+0x12a/0x180 j1939_tp_recv+0x4a2/0x510 j1939_can_recv+0x226/0x380 can_rcv_filter+0xf8/0x220 can_receive+0x102/0x220 ? process_backlog+0xf0/0x2c0 can_rcv+0x53/0xf0 __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x67/0x90 ? process_backlog+0x97/0x2c0 __netif_receive_skb+0x22/0x80
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2021-4454?
- In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: j1939: fix errant WARN_ON_ONCE in j1939_session_deactivate The conclusion "j1939_session_deactivate() should be called with a session ref-count of at least 2" is incorrect. In some concurrent scenarios, j1939_session_deactivate can be called with the session ref-count less than 2. But there is not any problem because it will check the session active state before session putting in j1939_session_deactivate_locked(). Here is the concurrent scenario of the problem reported by syzbot and my reproduction log. cpu0 cpu1 j1939_xtp_rx_eoma j1939_xtp_rx_abort_one j1939_session_get_by_addr [kref == 2] j1939_session_get_by_addr [kref == 3] j1939_session_deactivate [kref == 2] j1939_session_put [kref == 1] j1939_session_completed j1939_session_deactivate WARN_ON_ONCE(kref < 2) ===================================================== WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 21 at net/can/j1939/transport.c:1088 j1939_session_deactivate+0x5f/0x70 CPU: 1 PID: 21 Comm: ksoftirqd/1 Not tainted 5.14.0-rc7+ #32 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.13.0-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:j1939_session_deactivate+0x5f/0x70 Call Trace: j1939_session_deactivate_activate_next+0x11/0x28 j1939_xtp_rx_eoma+0x12a/0x180 j1939_tp_recv+0x4a2/0x510 j1939_can_recv+0x226/0x380 can_rcv_filter+0xf8/0x220 can_receive+0x102/0x220 ? process_backlog+0xf0/0x2c0 can_rcv+0x53/0xf0 __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x67/0x90 ? process_backlog+0x97/0x2c0 __netif_receive_skb+0x22/0x80
- How severe is CVE-2021-4454?
- CVE-2021-4454 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 5.5, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2021-4454 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (13th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2021-4454?
- CVE-2021-4454 primarily affects Linux Linux Kernel. In total, 12 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2021-4454?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
- Does CVE-2021-4454 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2021-4454 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2021-34674.
- When was CVE-2021-4454 published?
- CVE-2021-4454 was published on 2025-03-27 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1740a1e45eee65099a92fb502e1e67e63aad277d
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6950df42a03c9ac9290503ced3f371199cb68fa9
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9ab896775f98ff54b68512f345eed178bf961084
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b6d44072117bba057d50f7a2f96e5d070c65926d
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d0553680f94c49bbe0e39eb50d033ba563b4212d
Affected products (12)
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.14:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.14:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.14:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.14:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.14:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.2:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.2:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.2:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.2:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.2:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.2:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
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