How severe is CVE-2023-25656?

CVE-2023-25656 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.

Is CVE-2023-25656 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (35th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2023-25656?

CVE-2023-25656 primarily affects Notaryproject Notation-go. In total, 3 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2023-25656?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

When was CVE-2023-25656 published?

CVE-2023-25656 was published on 2023-02-20 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2023-25656

CVE-2023-25656 is a high-severity vulnerability in Notaryproject Notation-go with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-770.

Key facts

Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (35th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
Weakness: CWE-770
Affected product: Notaryproject Notation-go
Published: 2023-02-20
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

notation-go is a collection of libraries for supporting Notation sign, verify, push, and pull of oci artifacts. Prior to version 1.0.0-rc.3, notation-go users will find their application using excessive memory when verifying signatures. The application will be killed, and thus availability is impacted. The problem has been patched in the release v1.0.0-rc.3. Some workarounds are available. Users can review their own trust policy file and check if the identity string contains `=#`. Meanwhile, users should only put trusted certificates in their trust stores referenced by their own trust policy files, and make sure the `authenticity` validation is set to `enforce`.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2023-25656?: notation-go is a collection of libraries for supporting Notation sign, verify, push, and pull of oci artifacts. Prior to version 1.0.0-rc.3, notation-go users will find their application using excessive memory when verifying signatures. The application will be killed, and thus availability is impacted. The problem has been patched in the release v1.0.0-rc.3. Some workarounds are available. Users can review their own trust policy file and check if the identity string contains `=#`. Meanwhile, users should only put trusted certificates in their trust stores referenced by their own trust policy files, and make sure the `authenticity` validation is set to `enforce`.
How severe is CVE-2023-25656?: CVE-2023-25656 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.
Is CVE-2023-25656 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (35th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2023-25656?: CVE-2023-25656 primarily affects Notaryproject Notation-go. In total, 3 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2023-25656?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
When was CVE-2023-25656 published?: CVE-2023-25656 was published on 2023-02-20 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (3)

cpe:2.3:a:notaryproject:notation-go:0.7.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:notaryproject:notation-go:0.8.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:notaryproject:notation-go:0.9.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*

More vulnerabilities in Notaryproject Notation-go

CVE-2023-33959 — High (CVSS 8.3): notation is a CLI tool to sign and verify OCI artifacts and container images. An attacker who has compromised a…
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CVE-2024-51491 — Low (CVSS 3.3): notion-go is a collection of libraries for supporting sign and verify OCI artifacts. Based on Notary Project…
CVE-2023-33957 — Low (CVSS 2.6): notation is a CLI tool to sign and verify OCI artifacts and container images. An attacker who has compromised a…

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