How severe is CVE-2023-4398?

CVE-2023-4398 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.

Is CVE-2023-4398 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (55th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2023-4398?

CVE-2023-4398 affects Zyxel Zld. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.

How do I fix CVE-2023-4398?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

When was CVE-2023-4398 published?

CVE-2023-4398 was published on 2023-11-28 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2023-4398

CVE-2023-4398 is a high-severity vulnerability in Zyxel Zld with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-190.

Key facts

Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (55th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
Weakness: CWE-190
Affected product: Zyxel Zld
Published: 2023-11-28
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

An integer overflow vulnerability in the source code of the QuickSec IPSec toolkit used in the VPN feature of the Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 4.32 through 5.37, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.50 through 5.37, USG FLEX 50(W) series firmware versions 4.16 through 5.37, USG20(W)-VPN series firmware versions 4.16 through 5.37, and VPN series firmware versions 4.30 through 5.37, could allow an unauthenticated attacker to cause denial-of-service (DoS) conditions on an affected device by sending a crafted IKE packet.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2023-4398?: An integer overflow vulnerability in the source code of the QuickSec IPSec toolkit used in the VPN feature of the Zyxel ATP series firmware versions 4.32 through 5.37, USG FLEX series firmware versions 4.50 through 5.37, USG FLEX 50(W) series firmware versions 4.16 through 5.37, USG20(W)-VPN series firmware versions 4.16 through 5.37, and VPN series firmware versions 4.30 through 5.37, could allow an unauthenticated attacker to cause denial-of-service (DoS) conditions on an affected device by sending a crafted IKE packet.
How severe is CVE-2023-4398?: CVE-2023-4398 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.
Is CVE-2023-4398 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (55th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2023-4398?: CVE-2023-4398 affects Zyxel Zld. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2023-4398?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
When was CVE-2023-4398 published?: CVE-2023-4398 was published on 2023-11-28 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/security-advisories/zyxel-security-advisory-for-multiple-vulnerabilities-in-firewalls-and-aps

Affected products (1)

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zld:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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