How severe is CVE-2023-4781?

CVE-2023-4781 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2023-4781 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (48th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2023-4781?

CVE-2023-4781 primarily affects Neovim. In total, 5 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2023-4781?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

When was CVE-2023-4781 published?

CVE-2023-4781 was published on 2023-09-05 and last updated on 2026-09-17.

CVE-2023-4781

CVE-2023-4781 is a high-severity vulnerability in Neovim with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-122.

Key facts

Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.8)
EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (48th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
Weakness: CWE-122
Affected product: Neovim
Published: 2023-09-05
Last modified: 2026-09-17

Description

Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.1873.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2023-4781?: Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.1873.
How severe is CVE-2023-4781?: CVE-2023-4781 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2023-4781 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (48th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2023-4781?: CVE-2023-4781 primarily affects Neovim. In total, 5 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2023-4781?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
When was CVE-2023-4781 published?: CVE-2023-4781 was published on 2023-09-05 and last updated on 2026-09-17.

References

Affected products (5)

cpe:2.3:a:neovim:neovim:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:vim:vim:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More vulnerabilities in Neovim

CVE-2019-12735 — High (CVSS 8.6): getchar.c in Vim before 8.1.1365 and Neovim before 0.3.6 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands via…
CVE-2023-5535 — High (CVSS 7.8): Use After Free in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to v9.0.2010.
CVE-2023-4752 — High (CVSS 7.8): Use After Free in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.1858.
CVE-2023-4750 — High (CVSS 7.8): Use After Free in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.1857.
CVE-2023-4733 — High (CVSS 7.8): Use After Free in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.1840.
CVE-2023-4751 — High (CVSS 7.8): Heap-based Buffer Overflow in GitHub repository vim/vim prior to 9.0.1331.

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