CVE-2024-56431
CVE-2024-56431 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Xiph Theora with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-863.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 2% (76th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2024-53141
- Weakness: CWE-863
- Affected product: Xiph Theora
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
oc_huff_tree_unpack in huffdec.c in libtheora in Theora through 1.0 7180717 has an invalid negative left shift. NOTE: this is disputed by third parties because there is no evidence of a security impact, e.g., an application would not crash.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2024-56431?
- oc_huff_tree_unpack in huffdec.c in libtheora in Theora through 1.0 7180717 has an invalid negative left shift. NOTE: this is disputed by third parties because there is no evidence of a security impact, e.g., an application would not crash.
- How severe is CVE-2024-56431?
- CVE-2024-56431 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2024-56431 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (76th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2024-56431?
- CVE-2024-56431 affects Xiph Theora. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2024-56431?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2024-56431 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2024-56431 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2024-53141.
- When was CVE-2024-56431 published?
- CVE-2024-56431 was published on 2024-12-25 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/UnionTech-Software/libtheora-CVE-2024-56431-PoC
- https://github.com/xiph/theora/blob/7180717276af1ebc7da15c83162d6c5d6203aabf/lib/huffdec.c#L193
- https://github.com/xiph/theora/issues/17#issuecomment-2480630603
- https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/25/6
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/25/4
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/04/25/6
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:xiph:theora:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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