CVE-2024-57849
CVE-2024-57849 is a high-severity vulnerability in Linux Linux Kernel with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-416.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.8)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (10th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2024-53773
- Weakness: CWE-416
- Affected product: Linux Linux Kernel
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/cpum_sf: Handle CPU hotplug remove during sampling CPU hotplug remove handling triggers the following function call sequence: CPUHP_AP_PERF_S390_SF_ONLINE --> s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() ... CPUHP_AP_PERF_ONLINE --> perf_event_exit_cpu() The s390 CPUMF sampling CPU hotplug handler invokes: s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() +--> cpusf_pmu_setup() +--> setup_pmc_cpu() +--> deallocate_buffers() This function de-allocates all sampling data buffers (SDBs) allocated for that CPU at event initialization. It also clears the PMU_F_RESERVED bit. The CPU is gone and can not be sampled. With the event still being active on the removed CPU, the CPU event hotplug support in kernel performance subsystem triggers the following function calls on the removed CPU: perf_event_exit_cpu() +--> perf_event_exit_cpu_context() +--> __perf_event_exit_context() +--> __perf_remove_from_context() +--> event_sched_out() +--> cpumsf_pmu_del() +--> cpumsf_pmu_stop() +--> hw_perf_event_update() to stop and remove the event. During removal of the event, the sampling device driver tries to read out the remaining samples from the sample data buffers (SDBs). But they have already been freed (and may have been re-assigned). This may lead to a use after free situation in which case the samples are most likely invalid. In the best case the memory has not been reassigned and still contains valid data. Remedy this situation and check if the CPU is still in reserved state (bit PMU_F_RESERVED set). In this case the SDBs have not been released an contain valid data. This is always the case when the event is removed (and no CPU hotplug off occured). If the PMU_F_RESERVED bit is not set, the SDB buffers are gone.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2024-57849?
- In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/cpum_sf: Handle CPU hotplug remove during sampling CPU hotplug remove handling triggers the following function call sequence: CPUHP_AP_PERF_S390_SF_ONLINE --> s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() ... CPUHP_AP_PERF_ONLINE --> perf_event_exit_cpu() The s390 CPUMF sampling CPU hotplug handler invokes: s390_pmu_sf_offline_cpu() +--> cpusf_pmu_setup() +--> setup_pmc_cpu() +--> deallocate_buffers() This function de-allocates all sampling data buffers (SDBs) allocated for that CPU at event initialization. It also clears the PMU_F_RESERVED bit. The CPU is gone and can not be sampled. With the event still being active on the removed CPU, the CPU event hotplug support in kernel performance subsystem triggers the following function calls on the removed CPU: perf_event_exit_cpu() +--> perf_event_exit_cpu_context() +--> __perf_event_exit_context() +--> __perf_remove_from_context() +--> event_sched_out() +--> cpumsf_pmu_del() +--> cpumsf_pmu_stop() +--> hw_perf_event_update() to stop and remove the event. During removal of the event, the sampling device driver tries to read out the remaining samples from the sample data buffers (SDBs). But they have already been freed (and may have been re-assigned). This may lead to a use after free situation in which case the samples are most likely invalid. In the best case the memory has not been reassigned and still contains valid data. Remedy this situation and check if the CPU is still in reserved state (bit PMU_F_RESERVED set). In this case the SDBs have not been released an contain valid data. This is always the case when the event is removed (and no CPU hotplug off occured). If the PMU_F_RESERVED bit is not set, the SDB buffers are gone.
- How severe is CVE-2024-57849?
- CVE-2024-57849 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2024-57849 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (10th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2024-57849?
- CVE-2024-57849 affects Linux Linux Kernel. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2024-57849?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2024-57849 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2024-57849 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2024-53773.
- When was CVE-2024-57849 published?
- CVE-2024-57849 was published on 2025-01-11 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/06a92f810df8037ca36157282ddcbefdcaf049b8
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/238e3af849dfdcb1faed544349f7025e533f9aab
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/99192c735ed4bfdff0d215ec85c8a87a677cb898
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0bd7dacbd51c632b8e2c0500b479af564afadf3
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a69752f1e5de817941a2ea0609254f6f25acd274
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5be6a0bb639d165c8418d8dddd8f322587be8be
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/be54e6e0f93a39a9c00478d70d12956a5f3d5b9b
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00001.html
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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