How severe is CVE-2025-11187?

CVE-2025-11187 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.1, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity low, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-11187 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (40th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-11187?

CVE-2025-11187 affects Openssl. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-11187?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.

Does CVE-2025-11187 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-11187 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-206402.

When was CVE-2025-11187 published?

CVE-2025-11187 was published on 2026-01-27 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-11187

CVE-2025-11187 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Openssl with a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.1. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-476.

Key facts

Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 6.1)
EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (40th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-206402
Weakness: CWE-476
Affected product: Openssl
Published: 2026-01-27
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

Issue summary: PBMAC1 parameters in PKCS#12 files are missing validation which can trigger a stack-based buffer overflow, invalid pointer or NULL pointer dereference during MAC verification. Impact summary: The stack buffer overflow or NULL pointer dereference may cause a crash leading to Denial of Service for an application that parses untrusted PKCS#12 files. The buffer overflow may also potentially enable code execution depending on platform mitigations. When verifying a PKCS#12 file that uses PBMAC1 for the MAC, the PBKDF2 salt and keylength parameters from the file are used without validation. If the value of keylength exceeds the size of the fixed stack buffer used for the derived key (64 bytes), the key derivation will overflow the buffer. The overflow length is attacker-controlled. Also, if the salt parameter is not an OCTET STRING type this can lead to invalid or NULL pointer dereference. Exploiting this issue requires a user or application to process a maliciously crafted PKCS#12 file. It is uncommon to accept untrusted PKCS#12 files in applications as they are usually used to store private keys which are trusted by definition. For this reason the issue was assessed as Moderate severity. The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5 and 3.4 are not affected by this issue, as PKCS#12 processing is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary. OpenSSL 3.6, 3.5 and 3.4 are vulnerable to this issue. OpenSSL 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are not affected by this issue as they do not support PBMAC1 in PKCS#12.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-11187?: Issue summary: PBMAC1 parameters in PKCS#12 files are missing validation which can trigger a stack-based buffer overflow, invalid pointer or NULL pointer dereference during MAC verification. Impact summary: The stack buffer overflow or NULL pointer dereference may cause a crash leading to Denial of Service for an application that parses untrusted PKCS#12 files. The buffer overflow may also potentially enable code execution depending on platform mitigations. When verifying a PKCS#12 file that uses PBMAC1 for the MAC, the PBKDF2 salt and keylength parameters from the file are used without validation. If the value of keylength exceeds the size of the fixed stack buffer used for the derived key (64 bytes), the key derivation will overflow the buffer. The overflow length is attacker-controlled. Also, if the salt parameter is not an OCTET STRING type this can lead to invalid or NULL pointer dereference. Exploiting this issue requires a user or application to process a maliciously crafted PKCS#12 file. It is uncommon to accept untrusted PKCS#12 files in applications as they are usually used to store private keys which are trusted by definition. For this reason the issue was assessed as Moderate severity. The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5 and 3.4 are not affected by this issue, as PKCS#12 processing is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary. OpenSSL 3.6, 3.5 and 3.4 are vulnerable to this issue. OpenSSL 3.3, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are not affected by this issue as they do not support PBMAC1 in PKCS#12.
How severe is CVE-2025-11187?: CVE-2025-11187 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.1, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity low, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-11187 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (40th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-11187?: CVE-2025-11187 affects Openssl. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-11187?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
Does CVE-2025-11187 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-11187 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-206402.
When was CVE-2025-11187 published?: CVE-2025-11187 was published on 2026-01-27 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (1)

cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More vulnerabilities in Openssl

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Other CWE-476 (NULL Pointer Dereference) vulnerabilities

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CVE-2020-14500 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Secomea GateManager all versions prior to 9.2c, An attacker can send a negative value and overwrite arbitrary data.
CVE-2010-2495 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): The pppol2tp_xmit function in drivers/net/pppol2tp.c in the L2TP implementation in the Linux kernel before 2.6.34 does…
CVE-2026-46195 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: smb: client: validate dacloffset before building…
CVE-2026-31657 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: hold claim backbone gateways by…
CVE-2026-31436 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: dmaengine: idxd: fix possible wrong descriptor…

Browse all CWE-476 (NULL Pointer Dereference) vulnerabilities →

Threat intelligence

Threat-intel indicators referencing this CVE:

121.161.242.168 (ipv4-addr)
157.7.200.152 (ipv4-addr)
51.75.149.221 (ipv4-addr)
159.192.132.34 (ipv4-addr)
157.173.205.202 (ipv4-addr)