How severe is CVE-2025-1125?

CVE-2025-1125 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-1125 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (29th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-1125?

CVE-2025-1125 affects Gnu Grub2. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-1125?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-1125 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-1125 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-5597.

When was CVE-2025-1125 published?

CVE-2025-1125 was published on 2025-03-03 and last updated on 2026-06-30.

CVE-2025-1125

CVE-2025-1125 is a high-severity vulnerability in Gnu Grub2 with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-787.

Key facts

Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.8)
EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (29th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-5597
Weakness: CWE-787
Affected product: Gnu Grub2
Published: 2025-03-03
Last modified: 2026-06-30

Description

When reading data from a hfs filesystem, grub's hfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem metadata to calculate the internal buffers size, however it misses to properly check for integer overflows. A maliciouly crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculation to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result the hfsplus_open_compressed_real() function will write past of the internal buffer length. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution by-passing secure boot protections.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-1125?: When reading data from a hfs filesystem, grub's hfs filesystem module uses user-controlled parameters from the filesystem metadata to calculate the internal buffers size, however it misses to properly check for integer overflows. A maliciouly crafted filesystem may lead some of those buffer size calculation to overflow, causing it to perform a grub_malloc() operation with a smaller size than expected. As a result the hfsplus_open_compressed_real() function will write past of the internal buffer length. This flaw may be leveraged to corrupt grub's internal critical data and may result in arbitrary code execution by-passing secure boot protections.
How severe is CVE-2025-1125?: CVE-2025-1125 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-1125 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (29th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-1125?: CVE-2025-1125 affects Gnu Grub2. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-1125?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-1125 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-1125 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-5597.
When was CVE-2025-1125 published?: CVE-2025-1125 was published on 2025-03-03 and last updated on 2026-06-30.

References

Affected products (1)

cpe:2.3:a:gnu:grub2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More vulnerabilities in Gnu Grub2

CVE-2024-56737 — High (CVSS 8.8): GNU GRUB (aka GRUB2) through 2.12 has a heap-based buffer overflow in fs/hfs.c via crafted sblock data in an HFS…
CVE-2022-2601 — High (CVSS 8.6): A buffer overflow was found in grub_font_construct_glyph(). A malicious crafted pf2 font can lead to an overflow when…
CVE-2021-20233 — High (CVSS 8.2): A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. Setparam_prefix() in the menu rendering code performs a length…
CVE-2020-25632 — High (CVSS 8.2): A flaw was found in grub2 in versions prior to 2.06. The rmmod implementation allows the unloading of a module used as…
CVE-2020-10713 — High (CVSS 8.2): A flaw was found in grub2, prior to version 2.06. An attacker may use the GRUB 2 flaw to hijack and tamper the GRUB…
CVE-2022-28734 — High (CVSS 8.1): Out-of-bounds write when handling split HTTP headers; When handling split HTTP headers, GRUB2 HTTP code accidentally…

All CVEs affecting Gnu Grub2 →

Other CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write) vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-42369 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): GV-VMS V20 is a Video Monitoring Software used to gather the feeds of many surveillance cameras and manage other…
CVE-2026-4746 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in timeplus-io proton (base/poco/Foundation/src‎ modules). This vulnerability is…
CVE-2025-43300 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.8.5 and iPadOS…
CVE-2025-24201 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved checks to prevent unauthorized actions. This issue is fixed in…
CVE-2024-42479 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): llama.cpp provides LLM inference in C/C++. The unsafe `data` pointer member in the `rpc_tensor` structure can cause…
CVE-2024-39791 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities affecting Vonets industrial wifi bridge relays and wifi bridge…

Browse all CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write) vulnerabilities →