How severe is CVE-2025-12875?

CVE-2025-12875 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 5.3, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity low, and availability low.

Is CVE-2025-12875 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (5th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-12875?

CVE-2025-12875 affects Mruby. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-12875?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.

Does CVE-2025-12875 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-12875 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-38294.

When was CVE-2025-12875 published?

CVE-2025-12875 was published on 2025-11-07 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-12875

CVE-2025-12875 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Mruby with a CVSS 3.x base score of 5.3. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-787.

Key facts

Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 5.3)
CVSS v2: 4.3
CVSS v4: 1.9
EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (5th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-38294
Weakness: CWE-787
Affected product: Mruby
Published: 2025-11-07
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

A weakness has been identified in mruby 3.4.0. This vulnerability affects the function ary_fill_exec of the file mrbgems/mruby-array-ext/src/array.c. Executing a manipulation of the argument start/length can lead to out-of-bounds write. The attack needs to be launched locally. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. This patch is called 93619f06dd378db6766666b30c08978311c7ec94. It is best practice to apply a patch to resolve this issue.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-12875?: A weakness has been identified in mruby 3.4.0. This vulnerability affects the function ary_fill_exec of the file mrbgems/mruby-array-ext/src/array.c. Executing a manipulation of the argument start/length can lead to out-of-bounds write. The attack needs to be launched locally. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. This patch is called 93619f06dd378db6766666b30c08978311c7ec94. It is best practice to apply a patch to resolve this issue.
How severe is CVE-2025-12875?: CVE-2025-12875 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 5.3, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity low, and availability low.
Is CVE-2025-12875 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (5th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-12875?: CVE-2025-12875 affects Mruby. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-12875?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
Does CVE-2025-12875 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-12875 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-38294.
When was CVE-2025-12875 published?: CVE-2025-12875 was published on 2025-11-07 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (1)

cpe:2.3:a:mruby:mruby:3.4.0:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*

More vulnerabilities in Mruby

CVE-2022-1286 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): heap-buffer-overflow in mrb_vm_exec in mruby/mruby in GitHub repository mruby/mruby prior to 3.2. Possible arbitrary…
CVE-2022-1276 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Out-of-bounds Read in mrb_get_args in GitHub repository mruby/mruby prior to 3.2. Possible arbitrary code execution if…
CVE-2022-1212 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Use-After-Free in str_escape in mruby/mruby in GitHub repository mruby/mruby prior to 3.2. Possible arbitrary code…
CVE-2022-0631 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Heap-based Buffer Overflow in Homebrew mruby prior to 3.2.
CVE-2022-0570 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Heap-based Buffer Overflow in Homebrew mruby prior to 3.2.
CVE-2022-0080 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): mruby is vulnerable to Heap-based Buffer Overflow

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