How severe is CVE-2025-20184?

CVE-2025-20184 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.5, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires high privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability none.

Is CVE-2025-20184 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (54th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-20184?

CVE-2025-20184 primarily affects Cisco Asyncos. In total, 68 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-20184?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.

Does CVE-2025-20184 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-20184 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-2172.

When was CVE-2025-20184 published?

CVE-2025-20184 was published on 2025-02-05 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-20184

CVE-2025-20184 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Cisco Asyncos with a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-77.

Key facts

Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 6.5)
EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (54th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-2172
Weakness: CWE-77
Affected product: Cisco Asyncos
Published: 2025-02-05
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco AsyncOS Software for Cisco Secure Email Gateway and Cisco Secure Web Appliance could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to perform command injection attacks against an affected device. The attacker must authenticate with valid administrator credentials. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of XML configuration files by an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading a crafted XML configuration file. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to inject commands to the underlying operating system with root privileges.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-20184?: A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco AsyncOS Software for Cisco Secure Email Gateway and Cisco Secure Web Appliance could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to perform command injection attacks against an affected device. The attacker must authenticate with valid administrator credentials. This vulnerability is due to insufficient validation of XML configuration files by an affected device. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by uploading a crafted XML configuration file. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to inject commands to the underlying operating system with root privileges.
How severe is CVE-2025-20184?: CVE-2025-20184 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.5, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires high privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability none.
Is CVE-2025-20184 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (54th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-20184?: CVE-2025-20184 primarily affects Cisco Asyncos. In total, 68 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-20184?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
Does CVE-2025-20184 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-20184 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-2172.
When was CVE-2025-20184 published?: CVE-2025-20184 was published on 2025-02-05 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-esa-sma-wsa-multi-yKUJhS34

Affected products (68)

cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:13.0.0-392:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:13.0.5-007:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:13.5.1-277:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:13.5.4-038:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:14.0.0-698:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:14.2.0-620:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:14.2.1-020:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:14.3.0-032:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:15.0.0-104:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:15.0.1-030:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:15.0.3-002:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:15.5.0-048:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:15.5.1-055:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:15.5.2-018:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:15.5.3-022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:11.8.0-414:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:11.8.0-429:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:11.8.0-453:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:11.8.1-023:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:11.8.3-018:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:11.8.3-021:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:11.8.4-004:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.0.1-268:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.0.1-334:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.0.2-004:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.0.2-012:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.0.3-005:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.0.3-007:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.0.4-002:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.0.5-011:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.1-011:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.1-043:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.2-007:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.2-011:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.3-002:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.4-005:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.4-011:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.5-004:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.5-005:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:asyncos:12.5.5-008:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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