CVE-2025-21643
CVE-2025-21643 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Linux Linux Kernel with a CVSS 3.x base score of 5.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low.
Key facts
- Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 5.5)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (11th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-2592
- Affected product: Linux Linux Kernel
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfs: Fix kernel async DIO Netfslib needs to be able to handle kernel-initiated asynchronous DIO that is supplied with a bio_vec[] array. Currently, because of the async flag, this gets passed to netfs_extract_user_iter() which throws a warning and fails because it only handles IOVEC and UBUF iterators. This can be triggered through a combination of cifs and a loopback blockdev with something like: mount //my/cifs/share /foo dd if=/dev/zero of=/foo/m0 bs=4K count=1K losetup --sector-size 4096 --direct-io=on /dev/loop2046 /foo/m0 echo hello >/dev/loop2046 This causes the following to appear in syslog: WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 109 at fs/netfs/iterator.c:50 netfs_extract_user_iter+0x170/0x250 [netfs] and the write to fail. Fix this by removing the check in netfs_unbuffered_write_iter_locked() that causes async kernel DIO writes to be handled as userspace writes. Note that this change relies on the kernel caller maintaining the existence of the bio_vec array (or kvec[] or folio_queue) until the op is complete.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-21643?
- In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfs: Fix kernel async DIO Netfslib needs to be able to handle kernel-initiated asynchronous DIO that is supplied with a bio_vec[] array. Currently, because of the async flag, this gets passed to netfs_extract_user_iter() which throws a warning and fails because it only handles IOVEC and UBUF iterators. This can be triggered through a combination of cifs and a loopback blockdev with something like: mount //my/cifs/share /foo dd if=/dev/zero of=/foo/m0 bs=4K count=1K losetup --sector-size 4096 --direct-io=on /dev/loop2046 /foo/m0 echo hello >/dev/loop2046 This causes the following to appear in syslog: WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 109 at fs/netfs/iterator.c:50 netfs_extract_user_iter+0x170/0x250 [netfs] and the write to fail. Fix this by removing the check in netfs_unbuffered_write_iter_locked() that causes async kernel DIO writes to be handled as userspace writes. Note that this change relies on the kernel caller maintaining the existence of the bio_vec array (or kvec[] or folio_queue) until the op is complete.
- How severe is CVE-2025-21643?
- CVE-2025-21643 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 5.5, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-21643 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (11th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-21643?
- CVE-2025-21643 primarily affects Linux Linux Kernel. In total, 7 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-21643?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
- Does CVE-2025-21643 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-21643 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-2592.
- When was CVE-2025-21643 published?
- CVE-2025-21643 was published on 2025-01-19 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3f6bc9e3ab9b127171d39f9ac6eca1abb693b731
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9f3a265836844eda30bf34c2584b8011fd4f0f49
Affected products (7)
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.13:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
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