CVE-2025-24356
CVE-2025-24356 is a high-severity vulnerability in Fastd Project Fastd with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-405.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
- CVSS v4: 6.9
- EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (47th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-3677
- Weakness: CWE-405
- Affected product: Fastd Project Fastd
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
fastd is a VPN daemon which tunnels IP packets and Ethernet frames over UDP. When receiving a data packet from an unknown IP address/port combination, fastd will assume that one of its connected peers has moved to a new address and initiate a reconnect by sending a handshake packet. This "fast reconnect" avoids having to wait for a session timeout (up to ~90s) until a new connection is established. Even a 1-byte UDP packet just containing the fastd packet type header can trigger a much larger handshake packet (~150 bytes of UDP payload). Including IPv4 and UDP headers, the resulting amplification factor is roughly 12-13. By sending data packets with a spoofed source address to fastd instances reachable on the internet, this amplification of UDP traffic might be used to facilitate a Distributed Denial of Service attack. This vulnerability is fixed in v23.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-24356?
- fastd is a VPN daemon which tunnels IP packets and Ethernet frames over UDP. When receiving a data packet from an unknown IP address/port combination, fastd will assume that one of its connected peers has moved to a new address and initiate a reconnect by sending a handshake packet. This "fast reconnect" avoids having to wait for a session timeout (up to ~90s) until a new connection is established. Even a 1-byte UDP packet just containing the fastd packet type header can trigger a much larger handshake packet (~150 bytes of UDP payload). Including IPv4 and UDP headers, the resulting amplification factor is roughly 12-13. By sending data packets with a spoofed source address to fastd instances reachable on the internet, this amplification of UDP traffic might be used to facilitate a Distributed Denial of Service attack. This vulnerability is fixed in v23.
- How severe is CVE-2025-24356?
- CVE-2025-24356 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-24356 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (47th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-24356?
- CVE-2025-24356 affects Fastd Project Fastd. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-24356?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-24356 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-24356 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-3677.
- When was CVE-2025-24356 published?
- CVE-2025-24356 was published on 2025-01-27 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/neocturne/fastd/commit/1f233bee76b722c0b3f9024f2c39c72e9f7e5843
- https://github.com/neocturne/fastd/commit/3940150e801d0c91460491bec32cbcc5bbc89d5f
- https://github.com/neocturne/fastd/commit/5f63fcfc18ae9cad023fa463b152d5e14192b5a8
- https://github.com/neocturne/fastd/commit/9df7e516378441d2d17b89f9db5c27c8312d8f12
- https://github.com/neocturne/fastd/commit/c1a07b3f2b9066c3713c68547da700b85d60f4f7
- https://github.com/neocturne/fastd/commit/ce1b79b12dbfa796743b5f3a50789ade965b7023
- https://github.com/neocturne/fastd/commit/d03a0a17347efb5293e42fde7d982781e90f14ef
- https://github.com/neocturne/fastd/security/advisories/GHSA-pggg-vpfv-4rcv
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:fastd_project:fastd:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
More vulnerabilities in Fastd Project Fastd
- CVE-2020-27638 — High (CVSS 7.5): receive.c in fastd before v21 allows denial of service (assertion failure) when receiving packets with an invalid type…
All CVEs affecting Fastd Project Fastd →
Other CWE-405 vulnerabilities
- CVE-2025-53633 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Chall-Manager is a platform-agnostic system able to start Challenges on Demand of a player. When decoding a scenario…
- CVE-2021-38447 — High (CVSS 8.6): OCI OpenDDS versions prior to 3.18.1 are vulnerable when an attacker sends a specially crafted packet to flood target…
- CVE-2025-42874 — High (CVSS 7.9): SAP NetWeaver remote service for Xcelsius allows an attacker with network access and high privileges to execute…
- CVE-2026-47774 — High (CVSS 7.5): Envoy is an open source edge and service proxy designed for cloud-native applications. Prior to versions 1.35.11,…
- CVE-2026-25611 — High (CVSS 7.5): A series of specifically crafted, unauthenticated messages can exhaust available memory and crash a MongoDB server.
- CVE-2026-0485 — High (CVSS 7.5): SAP BusinessObjects BI Platform allows an unauthenticated attacker to send specially crafted requests that could cause…