CVE-2025-24959
CVE-2025-24959 is a low-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 1.0. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-94.
Key facts
- Severity: Low (CVSS 4.0 base score 1.0)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (7th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-0220
- Weakness: CWE-94
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `"`, `'`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-24959?
- zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `"`, `'`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.
- How severe is CVE-2025-24959?
- CVE-2025-24959 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 1.0, rated low severity.
- Is CVE-2025-24959 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (7th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-24959?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
- Does CVE-2025-24959 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-24959 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-0220.
- When was CVE-2025-24959 published?
- CVE-2025-24959 was published on 2025-02-03 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094
- https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87
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