How severe is CVE-2025-25291?

CVE-2025-25291 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-25291 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 20% (97th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-25291?

CVE-2025-25291 primarily affects Omniauth Omniauth Saml. In total, 3 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-25291?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-25291 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-25291 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-6415.

When was CVE-2025-25291 published?

CVE-2025-25291 was published on 2025-03-12 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-25291

CVE-2025-25291 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Omniauth Omniauth Saml with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score of 20% places it in the 97th percentile, indicating an elevated likelihood of exploitation. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-347.

Key facts

Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
CVSS v4: 9.3
EPSS exploit prediction: 20% (97th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-6415
Weakness: CWE-347
Affected product: Omniauth Omniauth Saml
Published: 2025-03-12
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-25291?: ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.
How severe is CVE-2025-25291?: CVE-2025-25291 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-25291 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 20% (97th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-25291?: CVE-2025-25291 primarily affects Omniauth Omniauth Saml. In total, 3 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-25291?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-25291 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-25291 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-6415.
When was CVE-2025-25291 published?: CVE-2025-25291 was published on 2025-03-12 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (3)

cpe:2.3:a:omniauth:omniauth_saml:*:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:onelogin:ruby-saml:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:netapp:storagegrid:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

More vulnerabilities in Omniauth Omniauth Saml

CVE-2024-45409 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): The Ruby SAML library is for implementing the client side of a SAML authorization. Ruby-SAML in <= 12.2 and 1.13.0 <=…
CVE-2025-25292 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass…
CVE-2017-11430 — High (CVSS 7.7): OmniAuth OmnitAuth-SAML 1.9.0 and earlier may incorrectly utilize the results of XML DOM traversal and canonicalization…
CVE-2025-25293 — High (CVSS 7.5): ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Prior to versions 1.12.4…

All CVEs affecting Omniauth Omniauth Saml →

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