CVE-2025-27817

CVE-2025-27817 is a high-severity vulnerability in Apache Kafka with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score of 65% places it in the 99th percentile, indicating an elevated likelihood of exploitation. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-918.

Key facts

Description

A possible arbitrary file read and SSRF vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Client. Apache Kafka Clients accept configuration data for setting the SASL/OAUTHBEARER connection with the brokers, including "sasl.oauthbearer.token.endpoint.url" and "sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.url". Apache Kafka allows clients to read an arbitrary file and return the content in the error log, or sending requests to an unintended location. In applications where Apache Kafka Clients configurations can be specified by an untrusted party, attackers may use the "sasl.oauthbearer.token.endpoint.url" and "sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.url" configuratin to read arbitrary contents of the disk and environment variables or make requests to an unintended location. In particular, this flaw may be used in Apache Kafka Connect to escalate from REST API access to filesystem/environment/URL access, which may be undesirable in certain environments, including SaaS products. Since Apache Kafka 3.9.1/4.0.0, we have added a system property ("-Dorg.apache.kafka.sasl.oauthbearer.allowed.urls") to set the allowed urls in SASL JAAS configuration. In 3.9.1, it accepts all urls by default for backward compatibility. However in 4.0.0 and newer, the default value is empty list and users have to set the allowed urls explicitly.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-27817?
A possible arbitrary file read and SSRF vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Client. Apache Kafka Clients accept configuration data for setting the SASL/OAUTHBEARER connection with the brokers, including "sasl.oauthbearer.token.endpoint.url" and "sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.url". Apache Kafka allows clients to read an arbitrary file and return the content in the error log, or sending requests to an unintended location. In applications where Apache Kafka Clients configurations can be specified by an untrusted party, attackers may use the "sasl.oauthbearer.token.endpoint.url" and "sasl.oauthbearer.jwks.endpoint.url" configuratin to read arbitrary contents of the disk and environment variables or make requests to an unintended location. In particular, this flaw may be used in Apache Kafka Connect to escalate from REST API access to filesystem/environment/URL access, which may be undesirable in certain environments, including SaaS products. Since Apache Kafka 3.9.1/4.0.0, we have added a system property ("-Dorg.apache.kafka.sasl.oauthbearer.allowed.urls") to set the allowed urls in SASL JAAS configuration. In 3.9.1, it accepts all urls by default for backward compatibility. However in 4.0.0 and newer, the default value is empty list and users have to set the allowed urls explicitly.
How severe is CVE-2025-27817?
CVE-2025-27817 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity none, and availability none.
Is CVE-2025-27817 being actively exploited?
It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 65% (99th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-27817?
CVE-2025-27817 affects Apache Kafka. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-27817?
Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-27817 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
Yes. CVE-2025-27817 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-17640.
When was CVE-2025-27817 published?
CVE-2025-27817 was published on 2025-06-10 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (1)

More vulnerabilities in Apache Kafka

All CVEs affecting Apache Kafka →

Other CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)) vulnerabilities

Browse all CWE-918 (Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)) vulnerabilities →