How severe is CVE-2025-31281?

CVE-2025-31281 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.1, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity none, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-31281 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (62nd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-31281?

CVE-2025-31281 primarily affects Apple Ipados. In total, 5 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-31281?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-31281 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-31281 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-23128.

When was CVE-2025-31281 published?

CVE-2025-31281 was published on 2025-07-30 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-31281

CVE-2025-31281 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Apple Ipados with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.1. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-20.

Key facts

Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.1)
EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (62nd percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-23128
Weakness: CWE-20
Affected product: Apple Ipados
Published: 2025-07-30
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

An input validation issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.6 and iPadOS 18.6, macOS Sequoia 15.6, tvOS 18.6, visionOS 2.6. Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to unexpected app termination.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-31281?: An input validation issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.6 and iPadOS 18.6, macOS Sequoia 15.6, tvOS 18.6, visionOS 2.6. Processing a maliciously crafted file may lead to unexpected app termination.
How severe is CVE-2025-31281?: CVE-2025-31281 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.1, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity none, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-31281 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (62nd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-31281?: CVE-2025-31281 primarily affects Apple Ipados. In total, 5 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-31281?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-31281 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-31281 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-23128.
When was CVE-2025-31281 published?: CVE-2025-31281 was published on 2025-07-30 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (5)

cpe:2.3:o:apple:ipados:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:iphone_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:macos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:tvos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:apple:visionos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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