CVE-2025-31499
CVE-2025-31499 is a high-severity vulnerability in Jellyfin with a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-88.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 8.8)
- CVSS v4: 7.6
- EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (47th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-11009
- Weakness: CWE-88
- Affected product: Jellyfin
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Jellyfin is an open source self hosted media server. Versions before 10.10.7 are vulnerable to argument injection in FFmpeg. This can be leveraged to possibly achieve remote code execution by anyone with credentials to a low-privileged user. This vulnerability was previously reported in CVE-2023-49096 and patched in version 10.8.13, but the patch can be bypassed. The original fix sanitizes some parameters to make injection impossible, but certain unsanitized parameters can still be used for argument injection. The same unauthenticated endpoints are vulnerable: /Videos/<itemId>/stream and /Videos/<itemId>/stream.<container>, likely alongside similar endpoints in AudioController. This argument injection can be exploited to achieve arbitrary file write, leading to possible remote code execution through the plugin system. While the unauthenticated endpoints are vulnerable, a valid itemId is required for exploitation and any authenticated attacker could easily retrieve a valid itemId to make the exploit work. This vulnerability is patched in version 10.10.7.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-31499?
- Jellyfin is an open source self hosted media server. Versions before 10.10.7 are vulnerable to argument injection in FFmpeg. This can be leveraged to possibly achieve remote code execution by anyone with credentials to a low-privileged user. This vulnerability was previously reported in CVE-2023-49096 and patched in version 10.8.13, but the patch can be bypassed. The original fix sanitizes some parameters to make injection impossible, but certain unsanitized parameters can still be used for argument injection. The same unauthenticated endpoints are vulnerable: /Videos/<itemId>/stream and /Videos/<itemId>/stream.<container>, likely alongside similar endpoints in AudioController. This argument injection can be exploited to achieve arbitrary file write, leading to possible remote code execution through the plugin system. While the unauthenticated endpoints are vulnerable, a valid itemId is required for exploitation and any authenticated attacker could easily retrieve a valid itemId to make the exploit work. This vulnerability is patched in version 10.10.7.
- How severe is CVE-2025-31499?
- CVE-2025-31499 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-31499 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (47th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-31499?
- CVE-2025-31499 affects Jellyfin. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-31499?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-31499 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-31499 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-11009.
- When was CVE-2025-31499 published?
- CVE-2025-31499 was published on 2025-04-15 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/jellyfin/jellyfin/commit/79f3ce53257c5291887cd52d8ac735b5252c9a97
- https://github.com/jellyfin/jellyfin/security/advisories/GHSA-2c3c-r7gp-q32m
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:jellyfin:jellyfin:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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