How severe is CVE-2025-3509?

CVE-2025-3509 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.2, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires high privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-3509 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (65th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-3509?

CVE-2025-3509 affects Github Enterprise Server. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-3509?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-3509 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-3509 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-11796.

When was CVE-2025-3509 published?

CVE-2025-3509 was published on 2025-04-17 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-3509

CVE-2025-3509 is a high-severity vulnerability in Github Enterprise Server with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.2. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-94.

Key facts

Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.2)
CVSS v4: 7.1
EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (65th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-11796
Weakness: CWE-94
Affected product: Github Enterprise Server
Published: 2025-04-17
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the pre-receive hook functionality, potentially leading to privilege escalation and system compromise. The vulnerability involves using dynamically allocated ports that become temporarily available, such as during a hot patch upgrade. This means the vulnerability is only exploitable during specific operational conditions, which limits the attack window. Exploitation required either site administrator permissions to enable and configure pre-receive hooks or a user with permissions to modify repositories containing pre-receive hooks where this functionality was already enabled. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.18 and was fixed in versions 3.17.1, 3.16.4, 3.15.8, 3.14.13, 3.13.16. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-3509?: A Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability was identified in GitHub Enterprise Server that allowed attackers to execute arbitrary code by exploiting the pre-receive hook functionality, potentially leading to privilege escalation and system compromise. The vulnerability involves using dynamically allocated ports that become temporarily available, such as during a hot patch upgrade. This means the vulnerability is only exploitable during specific operational conditions, which limits the attack window. Exploitation required either site administrator permissions to enable and configure pre-receive hooks or a user with permissions to modify repositories containing pre-receive hooks where this functionality was already enabled. This vulnerability affected all versions of GitHub Enterprise Server prior to 3.18 and was fixed in versions 3.17.1, 3.16.4, 3.15.8, 3.14.13, 3.13.16. This vulnerability was reported via the GitHub Bug Bounty program.
How severe is CVE-2025-3509?: CVE-2025-3509 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.2, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires high privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-3509 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (65th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-3509?: CVE-2025-3509 affects Github Enterprise Server. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-3509?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-3509 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-3509 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-11796.
When was CVE-2025-3509 published?: CVE-2025-3509 was published on 2025-04-17 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (1)

cpe:2.3:a:github:enterprise_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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