How severe is CVE-2025-37731?

CVE-2025-37731 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.8, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability none.

Is CVE-2025-37731 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (8th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-37731?

CVE-2025-37731 affects Elastic Elasticsearch. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-37731?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.

Does CVE-2025-37731 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-37731 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-203360.

When was CVE-2025-37731 published?

CVE-2025-37731 was published on 2025-12-15 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-37731

CVE-2025-37731 is a medium-severity vulnerability in Elastic Elasticsearch with a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-287.

Key facts

Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 6.8)
EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (8th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-203360
Weakness: CWE-287
Affected product: Elastic Elasticsearch
Published: 2025-12-15
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

Improper Authentication in Elasticsearch PKI realm can lead to user impersonation via specially crafted client certificates. A malicious actor would need to have such a crafted client certificate signed by a legitimate, trusted Certificate Authority.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-37731?: Improper Authentication in Elasticsearch PKI realm can lead to user impersonation via specially crafted client certificates. A malicious actor would need to have such a crafted client certificate signed by a legitimate, trusted Certificate Authority.
How severe is CVE-2025-37731?: CVE-2025-37731 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.8, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability none.
Is CVE-2025-37731 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (8th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-37731?: CVE-2025-37731 affects Elastic Elasticsearch. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-37731?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
Does CVE-2025-37731 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-37731 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-203360.
When was CVE-2025-37731 published?: CVE-2025-37731 was published on 2025-12-15 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

https://discuss.elastic.co/t/elasticsearch-8-19-8-9-1-8-and-9-2-2-security-update-esa-2025-27/384063

Affected products (1)

cpe:2.3:a:elastic:elasticsearch:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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Threat intelligence

Threat-intel indicators referencing this CVE:

115.190.127.7 (ipv4-addr)
193.228.225.219 (ipv4-addr)
129.204.154.232 (ipv4-addr)
150.158.196.236 (ipv4-addr)
138.3.223.188 (ipv4-addr)
43.226.79.170 (ipv4-addr)
51.12.221.15 (ipv4-addr)
115.190.56.196 (ipv4-addr)