CVE-2025-37797
CVE-2025-37797 is a high-severity vulnerability in Linux Linux Kernel with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-416.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.8)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (7th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-13245
- Weakness: CWE-416
- Affected product: Linux Linux Kernel
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net_sched: hfsc: Fix a UAF vulnerability in class handling This patch fixes a Use-After-Free vulnerability in the HFSC qdisc class handling. The issue occurs due to a time-of-check/time-of-use condition in hfsc_change_class() when working with certain child qdiscs like netem or codel. The vulnerability works as follows: 1. hfsc_change_class() checks if a class has packets (q.qlen != 0) 2. It then calls qdisc_peek_len(), which for certain qdiscs (e.g., codel, netem) might drop packets and empty the queue 3. The code continues assuming the queue is still non-empty, adding the class to vttree 4. This breaks HFSC scheduler assumptions that only non-empty classes are in vttree 5. Later, when the class is destroyed, this can lead to a Use-After-Free The fix adds a second queue length check after qdisc_peek_len() to verify the queue wasn't emptied.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-37797?
- In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net_sched: hfsc: Fix a UAF vulnerability in class handling This patch fixes a Use-After-Free vulnerability in the HFSC qdisc class handling. The issue occurs due to a time-of-check/time-of-use condition in hfsc_change_class() when working with certain child qdiscs like netem or codel. The vulnerability works as follows: 1. hfsc_change_class() checks if a class has packets (q.qlen != 0) 2. It then calls qdisc_peek_len(), which for certain qdiscs (e.g., codel, netem) might drop packets and empty the queue 3. The code continues assuming the queue is still non-empty, adding the class to vttree 4. This breaks HFSC scheduler assumptions that only non-empty classes are in vttree 5. Later, when the class is destroyed, this can lead to a Use-After-Free The fix adds a second queue length check after qdisc_peek_len() to verify the queue wasn't emptied.
- How severe is CVE-2025-37797?
- CVE-2025-37797 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-37797 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (7th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-37797?
- CVE-2025-37797 primarily affects Linux Linux Kernel. In total, 13 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-37797?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-37797 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-37797 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-13245.
- When was CVE-2025-37797 published?
- CVE-2025-37797 was published on 2025-05-02 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20d584a33e480ae80d105f43e0e7b56784da41b9
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/28b09a067831f7317c3841812276022d6c940677
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/39b9095dd3b55d9b2743df038c32138efa34a9de
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3aa852e3605000d5c47035c3fc3a986d14ccfa9f
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3df275ef0a6ae181e8428a6589ef5d5231e58b5c
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/86cd4641c713455a4f1c8e54c370c598c2b1cee0
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bb583c88d23b72d8d16453d24856c99bd93dadf5
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fcc8ede663569c704fb00a702973bd6c00373283
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html
Affected products (13)
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.14:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.14:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.14:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.14:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.14:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.14:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.14:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:4.14:rc8:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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