How severe is CVE-2025-45406?

CVE-2025-45406 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.1, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity low, and availability none.

Is CVE-2025-45406 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (24th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

How do I fix CVE-2025-45406?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.

Does CVE-2025-45406 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-45406 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-22731.

When was CVE-2025-45406 published?

CVE-2025-45406 was published on 2025-07-25 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-45406

CVE-2025-45406 is a medium-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.1. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-79.

Key facts

Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 6.1)
EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (24th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-22731
Weakness: CWE-79
Published: 2025-07-25
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in CodeIgniter4 v4.6.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary web scripts or HTML via a crafted payload injected into the debugbar_time parameter. NOTE: this is disputed by the Supplier because attackers cannot influence the value of debugbar_time, and because debugbar-related data is automatically escaped by the CodeIgniter Parser class.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-45406?: A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in CodeIgniter4 v4.6.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary web scripts or HTML via a crafted payload injected into the debugbar_time parameter. NOTE: this is disputed by the Supplier because attackers cannot influence the value of debugbar_time, and because debugbar-related data is automatically escaped by the CodeIgniter Parser class.
How severe is CVE-2025-45406?: CVE-2025-45406 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.1, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity low, and availability none.
Is CVE-2025-45406 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (24th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2025-45406?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
Does CVE-2025-45406 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-45406 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-22731.
When was CVE-2025-45406 published?: CVE-2025-45406 was published on 2025-07-25 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Other CWE-79 (Cross-site Scripting (XSS)) vulnerabilities

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CVE-2024-6886 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Gitea…
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CVE-2023-45138 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Change Request is an pplication allowing users to request changes on a wiki without publishing the changes directly.…
CVE-2022-4361 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Keycloak, an open-source identity and access management solution, has a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the…

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