How severe is CVE-2025-49538?

CVE-2025-49538 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.4, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity none, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-49538 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (78th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-49538?

CVE-2025-49538 primarily affects Adobe Coldfusion. In total, 39 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-49538?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-49538 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-49538 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-20712.

When was CVE-2025-49538 published?

CVE-2025-49538 was published on 2025-07-08 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-49538

CVE-2025-49538 is a high-severity vulnerability in Adobe Coldfusion with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.4. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-91.

Key facts

Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.4)
EPSS exploit prediction: 2% (78th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-20712
Weakness: CWE-91
Affected product: Adobe Coldfusion
Published: 2025-07-08
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

ColdFusion versions 2025.2, 2023.14, 2021.20 and earlier are affected by an XML Injection vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary file system read. An attacker can exploit this issue by injecting crafted XML or XPath queries to access unauthorized files or lead to denial of service. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction, and attack must have access to shared secrets.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-49538?: ColdFusion versions 2025.2, 2023.14, 2021.20 and earlier are affected by an XML Injection vulnerability that could lead to arbitrary file system read. An attacker can exploit this issue by injecting crafted XML or XPath queries to access unauthorized files or lead to denial of service. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction, and attack must have access to shared secrets.
How severe is CVE-2025-49538?: CVE-2025-49538 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.4, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity none, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-49538 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (78th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-49538?: CVE-2025-49538 primarily affects Adobe Coldfusion. In total, 39 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-49538?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-49538 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-49538 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-20712.
When was CVE-2025-49538 published?: CVE-2025-49538 was published on 2025-07-08 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/coldfusion/apsb25-69.html

Affected products (39)

cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update10:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update11:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update12:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update13:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update14:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update15:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update16:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update17:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update18:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update19:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update20:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update6:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update7:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update8:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2021:update9:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update10:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update11:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update12:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update13:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update14:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update6:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update7:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update8:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2023:update9:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2025:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2025:update1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:adobe:coldfusion:2025:update2:*:*:*:*:*:*

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Other CWE-91 (XML Injection) vulnerabilities

CVE-2021-4140 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): It was possible to construct specific XSLT markup that would be able to bypass an iframe sandbox. This vulnerability…
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CVE-2019-19450 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): paraparser in ReportLab before 3.5.31 allows remote code execution because start_unichar in paraparser.py evaluates…
CVE-2021-37154 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): In ForgeRock Access Management (AM) before 7.0.2, the SAML2 implementation allows XML injection, potentially enabling a…
CVE-2020-29128 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): petl before 1.68, in some configurations, allows resolution of entities in an XML document.
CVE-2020-25216 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): yWorks yEd Desktop before 3.20.1 allows code execution via an XSL Transformation when using an XML file in conjunction…

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