How severe is CVE-2025-49581?

CVE-2025-49581 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-49581 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (39th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-49581?

CVE-2025-49581 primarily affects Xwiki. In total, 2 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-49581?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-49581 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-49581 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-18284.

When was CVE-2025-49581 published?

CVE-2025-49581 was published on 2025-06-13 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-49581

CVE-2025-49581 is a high-severity vulnerability in Xwiki with a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-94.

Key facts

Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 8.8)
CVSS v4: 8.7
EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (39th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-18284
Weakness: CWE-94
Affected product: Xwiki
Published: 2025-06-13
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

XWiki is a generic wiki platform. Any user with edit right on a page (could be the user's profile) can execute code (Groovy, Python, Velocity) with programming right by defining a wiki macro. This allows full access to the whole XWiki installation. The main problem is that if a wiki macro parameter allows wiki syntax, its default value is executed with the rights of the author of the document where it is used. This can be exploited by overriding a macro like the children macro that is used in a page that has programming right like the page XWiki.ChildrenMacro and thus allows arbitrary script macros. This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 16.4.7, 16.10.3 and 17.0.0 by executing wiki parameters with the rights of the wiki macro's author when the parameter's value is the default value.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-49581?: XWiki is a generic wiki platform. Any user with edit right on a page (could be the user's profile) can execute code (Groovy, Python, Velocity) with programming right by defining a wiki macro. This allows full access to the whole XWiki installation. The main problem is that if a wiki macro parameter allows wiki syntax, its default value is executed with the rights of the author of the document where it is used. This can be exploited by overriding a macro like the children macro that is used in a page that has programming right like the page XWiki.ChildrenMacro and thus allows arbitrary script macros. This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 16.4.7, 16.10.3 and 17.0.0 by executing wiki parameters with the rights of the wiki macro's author when the parameter's value is the default value.
How severe is CVE-2025-49581?: CVE-2025-49581 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-49581 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (39th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-49581?: CVE-2025-49581 primarily affects Xwiki. In total, 2 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-49581?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-49581 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-49581 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-18284.
When was CVE-2025-49581 published?: CVE-2025-49581 was published on 2025-06-13 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (2)

cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:17.0.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*

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