CVE-2025-50461
CVE-2025-50461 is a medium-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-77.
Key facts
- Severity: Medium (CVSS 3.x base score 6.5)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (37th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-25170
- Weakness: CWE-77
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
A deserialization vulnerability exists in Volcengine's verl 3.0.0, specifically in the scripts/model_merger.py script when using the "fsdp" backend. The script calls torch.load() with weights_only=False on user-supplied .pt files, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code if a maliciously crafted model file is loaded. An attacker can exploit this by convincing a victim to download and place a malicious model file in a local directory with a specific filename pattern. This vulnerability may lead to arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the user running the script.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-50461?
- A deserialization vulnerability exists in Volcengine's verl 3.0.0, specifically in the scripts/model_merger.py script when using the "fsdp" backend. The script calls torch.load() with weights_only=False on user-supplied .pt files, allowing attackers to execute arbitrary code if a maliciously crafted model file is loaded. An attacker can exploit this by convincing a victim to download and place a malicious model file in a local directory with a specific filename pattern. This vulnerability may lead to arbitrary code execution with the privileges of the user running the script.
- How severe is CVE-2025-50461?
- CVE-2025-50461 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 6.5, rated medium severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is low, integrity low, and availability none.
- Is CVE-2025-50461 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (37th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-50461?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround.
- Does CVE-2025-50461 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-50461 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-25170.
- When was CVE-2025-50461 published?
- CVE-2025-50461 was published on 2025-08-19 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/Anchor0221/CVE-2025-50461
- https://github.com/pytorch/pytorch/blob/main/SECURITY.md#loading-untrusted-data
- https://github.com/volcengine/verl
- https://github.com/volcengine/verl/blob/main/scripts/model_merger.py#L152
- https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.load.html
Other CWE-77 (Command Injection) vulnerabilities
- CVE-2026-23652 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Improper neutralization of special elements used in a command ('command injection') in Microsoft Power Pages allows an…
- CVE-2025-59818 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): This vulnerability allows authenticated attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the underlying system using the file…
- CVE-2025-64093 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Remote Code Execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to inject arbitrary commands into the…
- CVE-2025-64090 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): This vulnerability allows authenticated attackers to execute commands via the hostname of the device.
- CVE-2025-61492 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): A command injection vulnerability in the execute_command function of terminal-controller-mcp 0.1.7 allows attackers to…
- CVE-2025-10035 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): A deserialization vulnerability in the License Servlet of Fortra's GoAnywhere MFT allows an actor with a validly forged…