CVE-2025-5115
CVE-2025-5115 is a high-severity vulnerability in Eclipse Jetty with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-400.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
- CVSS v4: 7.7
- EPSS exploit prediction: 2% (72nd percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-25397
- Weakness: CWE-400
- Affected product: Eclipse Jetty
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
In Eclipse Jetty, versions <=9.4.57, <=10.0.25, <=11.0.25, <=12.0.21, <=12.1.0.alpha2, an HTTP/2 client may trigger the server to send RST_STREAM frames, for example by sending frames that are malformed or that should not be sent in a particular stream state, therefore forcing the server to consume resources such as CPU and memory. For example, a client can open a stream and then send WINDOW_UPDATE frames with window size increment of 0, which is illegal. Per specification https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9113.html#name-window_update , the server should send a RST_STREAM frame. The client can now open another stream and send another bad WINDOW_UPDATE, therefore causing the server to consume more resources than necessary, as this case does not exceed the max number of concurrent streams, yet the client is able to create an enormous amount of streams in a short period of time. The attack can be performed with other conditions (for example, a DATA frame for a closed stream) that cause the server to send a RST_STREAM frame. Links: * https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/security/advisories/GHSA-mmxm-8w33-wc4h
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-5115?
- In Eclipse Jetty, versions <=9.4.57, <=10.0.25, <=11.0.25, <=12.0.21, <=12.1.0.alpha2, an HTTP/2 client may trigger the server to send RST_STREAM frames, for example by sending frames that are malformed or that should not be sent in a particular stream state, therefore forcing the server to consume resources such as CPU and memory. For example, a client can open a stream and then send WINDOW_UPDATE frames with window size increment of 0, which is illegal. Per specification https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9113.html#name-window_update , the server should send a RST_STREAM frame. The client can now open another stream and send another bad WINDOW_UPDATE, therefore causing the server to consume more resources than necessary, as this case does not exceed the max number of concurrent streams, yet the client is able to create an enormous amount of streams in a short period of time. The attack can be performed with other conditions (for example, a DATA frame for a closed stream) that cause the server to send a RST_STREAM frame. Links: * https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/security/advisories/GHSA-mmxm-8w33-wc4h
- How severe is CVE-2025-5115?
- CVE-2025-5115 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-5115 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (72nd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-5115?
- CVE-2025-5115 primarily affects Eclipse Jetty. In total, 4 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-5115?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-5115 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-5115 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-25397.
- When was CVE-2025-5115 published?
- CVE-2025-5115 was published on 2025-08-20 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/pull/13449
- https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/releases/tag/jetty-10.0.26
- https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/releases/tag/jetty-11.0.26
- https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/releases/tag/jetty-12.0.25
- https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/releases/tag/jetty-12.1.0
- https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/releases/tag/jetty-9.4.58.v20250814
- https://github.com/jetty/jetty.project/security/advisories/GHSA-mmxm-8w33-wc4h
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/08/20/4
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/17/1
- https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00014.html
- https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/767506
Affected products (4)
- cpe:2.3:a:eclipse:jetty:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:eclipse:jetty:12.1.0:alpha0:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:eclipse:jetty:12.1.0:alpha1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:a:eclipse:jetty:12.1.0:alpha2:*:*:*:*:*:*
More vulnerabilities in Eclipse Jetty
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- CVE-2018-12538 — High (CVSS 8.8): In Eclipse Jetty versions 9.4.0 through 9.4.8, when using the optional Jetty provided FileSessionDataStore for…
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Threat intelligence
Threat-intel indicators referencing this CVE:
- 62.201.228.210 (ipv4-addr)
- 195.158.26.59 (ipv4-addr)
- 193.122.144.138 (ipv4-addr)
- 175.100.107.238 (ipv4-addr)
- 150.136.56.244 (ipv4-addr)
- 144.24.6.157 (ipv4-addr)
- 129.153.31.0 (ipv4-addr)
- 103.147.248.44 (ipv4-addr)