How severe is CVE-2025-54539?

CVE-2025-54539 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-54539 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (79th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

What products are affected by CVE-2025-54539?

CVE-2025-54539 affects Apache Activemq Nms Amqp. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.

How do I fix CVE-2025-54539?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-54539 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-54539 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-34726.

When was CVE-2025-54539 published?

CVE-2025-54539 was published on 2025-10-16 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-54539

CVE-2025-54539 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Apache Activemq Nms Amqp with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-502.

Key facts

Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
EPSS exploit prediction: 2% (79th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-34726
Weakness: CWE-502
Affected product: Apache Activemq Nms Amqp
Published: 2025-10-16
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

A Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability exists in the Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client. This issue affects all versions of Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP up to and including 2.3.0, when establishing connections to untrusted AMQP servers. Malicious servers could exploit unbounded deserialization logic present in the client to craft responses that may lead to arbitrary code execution on the client side. Although version 2.1.0 introduced a mechanism to restrict deserialization via allow/deny lists, the protection was found to be bypassable under certain conditions. In line with Microsoft’s deprecation of binary serialization in .NET 9, the project is evaluating the removal of .NET binary serialization support from the NMS API entirely in future releases. Mitigation and Recommendations: Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to version 2.4.0 or later, which resolves the issue. Additionally, projects depending on NMS-AMQP should migrate away from .NET binary serialization as part of a long-term hardening strategy.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-54539?: A Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability exists in the Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP Client. This issue affects all versions of Apache ActiveMQ NMS AMQP up to and including 2.3.0, when establishing connections to untrusted AMQP servers. Malicious servers could exploit unbounded deserialization logic present in the client to craft responses that may lead to arbitrary code execution on the client side. Although version 2.1.0 introduced a mechanism to restrict deserialization via allow/deny lists, the protection was found to be bypassable under certain conditions. In line with Microsoft’s deprecation of binary serialization in .NET 9, the project is evaluating the removal of .NET binary serialization support from the NMS API entirely in future releases. Mitigation and Recommendations: Users are strongly encouraged to upgrade to version 2.4.0 or later, which resolves the issue. Additionally, projects depending on NMS-AMQP should migrate away from .NET binary serialization as part of a long-term hardening strategy.
How severe is CVE-2025-54539?: CVE-2025-54539 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-54539 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 2% (79th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-54539?: CVE-2025-54539 affects Apache Activemq Nms Amqp. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-54539?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-54539 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-54539 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-34726.
When was CVE-2025-54539 published?: CVE-2025-54539 was published on 2025-10-16 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (1)

cpe:2.3:a:apache:activemq_nms_amqp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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