CVE-2025-55210
CVE-2025-55210 is a high-severity vulnerability in Sangoma Freepbx with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-270.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
- CVSS v4: 2.0
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (21st percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-207009
- Weakness: CWE-270
- Affected product: Sangoma Freepbx
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
FreePBX is an open-source web-based graphical user interface (GUI) that manages Asterisk. Prior to 17.0.5 and 16.0.17, FreePBX module api (PBX API) is vulnerable to privilege escalation by authenticated users with REST/GraphQL API access. This vulnerability allows an attacker to forge a valid JWT with full access to the REST and GraphQL APIs on a FreePBX that they've already connected to, possibly as a lower privileged user. The JWT is signed using the api-oauth.key private key. An attacker can generate their own token if they possess this key (e.g., by accessing an affected instance), and specify any scopes they wish (e.g., rest, gql), bypassing traditional authorization checks. However, FreePBX enforces that the jti (JWT ID) claim must exist in the database (api_access_tokens table in the asterisk MySQL database) in order for the token to be accepted. Therefore, the attacker must know a jti value that already exists on the target instance. This vulnerability is fixed in 17.0.5 and 16.0.17.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-55210?
- FreePBX is an open-source web-based graphical user interface (GUI) that manages Asterisk. Prior to 17.0.5 and 16.0.17, FreePBX module api (PBX API) is vulnerable to privilege escalation by authenticated users with REST/GraphQL API access. This vulnerability allows an attacker to forge a valid JWT with full access to the REST and GraphQL APIs on a FreePBX that they've already connected to, possibly as a lower privileged user. The JWT is signed using the api-oauth.key private key. An attacker can generate their own token if they possess this key (e.g., by accessing an affected instance), and specify any scopes they wish (e.g., rest, gql), bypassing traditional authorization checks. However, FreePBX enforces that the jti (JWT ID) claim must exist in the database (api_access_tokens table in the asterisk MySQL database) in order for the token to be accepted. Therefore, the attacker must know a jti value that already exists on the target instance. This vulnerability is fixed in 17.0.5 and 16.0.17.
- How severe is CVE-2025-55210?
- CVE-2025-55210 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-55210 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (21st percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-55210?
- CVE-2025-55210 affects Sangoma Freepbx. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-55210?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-55210 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-55210 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-207009.
- When was CVE-2025-55210 published?
- CVE-2025-55210 was published on 2026-02-12 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/bc6f7d72063cffb18babb6559fa351046d7ad19b
- https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/c16a3a79b83382fb4884e51174882ed635637002
- https://github.com/FreePBX/api/commit/d66786634e7e7d3eedcb4d0931b32c415ba6e9ef
- https://github.com/FreePBX/security-reporting/security/advisories/GHSA-gvgh-p7wj-76cf
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:sangoma:freepbx:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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