CVE-2025-55234
CVE-2025-55234 is a high-severity vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1507 with a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score of 19% places it in the 97th percentile, indicating an elevated likelihood of exploitation. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-287.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 8.8)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 19% (97th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-27294
- Weakness: CWE-287
- Affected product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
SMB Server might be susceptible to relay attacks depending on the configuration. An attacker who successfully exploited these vulnerabilities could perform relay attacks and make the users subject to elevation of privilege attacks. The SMB Server already supports mechanisms for hardening against relay attacks: SMB Server signing SMB Server Extended Protection for Authentication (EPA) Microsoft is releasing this CVE to provide customers with audit capabilities to help them to assess their environment and to identify any potential device or software incompatibility issues before deploying SMB Server hardening measures that protect against relay attacks. If you have not already enabled SMB Server hardening measures, we advise customers to take the following actions to be protected from these relay attacks: Assess your environment by utilizing the audit capabilities that we are exposing in the September 2025 security updates. See Support for Audit Events to deploy SMB Server Hardening—SMB Server Signing & SMB Server EPA. Adopt appropriate SMB Server hardening measures.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-55234?
- SMB Server might be susceptible to relay attacks depending on the configuration. An attacker who successfully exploited these vulnerabilities could perform relay attacks and make the users subject to elevation of privilege attacks. The SMB Server already supports mechanisms for hardening against relay attacks: SMB Server signing SMB Server Extended Protection for Authentication (EPA) Microsoft is releasing this CVE to provide customers with audit capabilities to help them to assess their environment and to identify any potential device or software incompatibility issues before deploying SMB Server hardening measures that protect against relay attacks. If you have not already enabled SMB Server hardening measures, we advise customers to take the following actions to be protected from these relay attacks: Assess your environment by utilizing the audit capabilities that we are exposing in the September 2025 security updates. See Support for Audit Events to deploy SMB Server Hardening—SMB Server Signing & SMB Server EPA. Adopt appropriate SMB Server hardening measures.
- How severe is CVE-2025-55234?
- CVE-2025-55234 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-55234 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 19% (97th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-55234?
- CVE-2025-55234 primarily affects Microsoft Windows 10 1507. In total, 21 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-55234?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-55234 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-55234 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-27294.
- When was CVE-2025-55234 published?
- CVE-2025-55234 was published on 2025-09-09 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-55234
- https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-55234-detection-script-smb-server-vulnerability-affecting-microsoft-systems
- https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-55234-mitigation-script-smb-server-vulnerability-affecting-microsoft-systems
Affected products (21)
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x64:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:*:*:*:*:x86:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:r2:sp1:*:*:*:*:x64:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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Other CWE-287 (Improper Authentication) vulnerabilities
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