CVE-2025-60021

CVE-2025-60021 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Apache Brpc with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score of 26% places it in the 98th percentile, indicating an elevated likelihood of exploitation. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-77.

Key facts

Description

Remote command injection vulnerability in heap profiler builtin service in Apache bRPC ((all versions < 1.15.0)) on all platforms allows attacker to inject remote command. Root Cause: The bRPC heap profiler built-in service (/pprof/heap) does not validate the user-provided extra_options parameter and executes it as a command-line argument. Attackers can execute remote commands using the extra_options parameter.. Affected scenarios: Use the built-in bRPC heap profiler service to perform jemalloc memory profiling. How to Fix: we provide two methods, you can choose one of them: 1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0. 2. Apply this patch ( https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3101 ) manually.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-60021?
Remote command injection vulnerability in heap profiler builtin service in Apache bRPC ((all versions < 1.15.0)) on all platforms allows attacker to inject remote command. Root Cause: The bRPC heap profiler built-in service (/pprof/heap) does not validate the user-provided extra_options parameter and executes it as a command-line argument. Attackers can execute remote commands using the extra_options parameter.. Affected scenarios: Use the built-in bRPC heap profiler service to perform jemalloc memory profiling. How to Fix: we provide two methods, you can choose one of them: 1. Upgrade bRPC to version 1.15.0. 2. Apply this patch ( https://github.com/apache/brpc/pull/3101 ) manually.
How severe is CVE-2025-60021?
CVE-2025-60021 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-60021 being actively exploited?
It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 26% (98th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
What products are affected by CVE-2025-60021?
CVE-2025-60021 affects Apache Brpc. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
How do I fix CVE-2025-60021?
Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-60021 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
Yes. CVE-2025-60021 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-2933.
When was CVE-2025-60021 published?
CVE-2025-60021 was published on 2026-01-16 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Affected products (1)

More vulnerabilities in Apache Brpc

All CVEs affecting Apache Brpc →

Other CWE-77 (Command Injection) vulnerabilities

Browse all CWE-77 (Command Injection) vulnerabilities →