CVE-2025-61919
CVE-2025-61919 is a high-severity vulnerability in Rack with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-400.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (45th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-33748
- Weakness: CWE-400
- Affected product: Rack
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, and 3.2.3, `Rack::Request#POST` reads the entire request body into memory for `Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded`, calling `rack.input.read(nil)` without enforcing a length or cap. Large request bodies can therefore be buffered completely into process memory before parsing, leading to denial of service (DoS) through memory exhaustion. Users should upgrade to Rack version 2.2.20, 3.1.18, or 3.2.3, anu of which enforces form parameter limits using `query_parser.bytesize_limit`, preventing unbounded reads of `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` bodies. Additionally, enforce strict maximum body size at the proxy or web server layer (e.g., Nginx `client_max_body_size`, Apache `LimitRequestBody`).
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-61919?
- Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. Prior to versions 2.2.20, 3.1.18, and 3.2.3, `Rack::Request#POST` reads the entire request body into memory for `Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded`, calling `rack.input.read(nil)` without enforcing a length or cap. Large request bodies can therefore be buffered completely into process memory before parsing, leading to denial of service (DoS) through memory exhaustion. Users should upgrade to Rack version 2.2.20, 3.1.18, or 3.2.3, anu of which enforces form parameter limits using `query_parser.bytesize_limit`, preventing unbounded reads of `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` bodies. Additionally, enforce strict maximum body size at the proxy or web server layer (e.g., Nginx `client_max_body_size`, Apache `LimitRequestBody`).
- How severe is CVE-2025-61919?
- CVE-2025-61919 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity none, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-61919 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (45th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-61919?
- CVE-2025-61919 affects Rack. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-61919?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-61919 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-61919 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-33748.
- When was CVE-2025-61919 published?
- CVE-2025-61919 was published on 2025-10-10 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/4e2c903991a790ee211a3021808ff4fd6fe82881
- https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/cbd541e8a3d0c5830a3c9a30d3718ce2e124f9db
- https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/e179614c4a653283286f5f046428cbb85f21146f
- https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-6xw4-3v39-52mm
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:rack:rack:*:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*
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