How severe is CVE-2025-65108?

CVE-2025-65108 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 10.0, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.

Is CVE-2025-65108 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (55th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

How do I fix CVE-2025-65108?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-65108 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-65108 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-198317.

When was CVE-2025-65108 published?

CVE-2025-65108 was published on 2025-11-21 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-65108

CVE-2025-65108 is a critical-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 3.x base score of 10.0. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-94.

Key facts

Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 10.0)
EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (55th percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-198317
Weakness: CWE-94
Published: 2025-11-21
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

md-to-pdf is a CLI tool for converting Markdown files to PDF using Node.js and headless Chrome. Prior to version 5.2.5, a Markdown front-matter block that contains JavaScript delimiter causes the JS engine in gray-matter library to execute arbitrary code in the Markdown to PDF converter process of md-to-pdf library, resulting in remote code execution. This issue has been patched in version 5.2.5.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-65108?: md-to-pdf is a CLI tool for converting Markdown files to PDF using Node.js and headless Chrome. Prior to version 5.2.5, a Markdown front-matter block that contains JavaScript delimiter causes the JS engine in gray-matter library to execute arbitrary code in the Markdown to PDF converter process of md-to-pdf library, resulting in remote code execution. This issue has been patched in version 5.2.5.
How severe is CVE-2025-65108?: CVE-2025-65108 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 10.0, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
Is CVE-2025-65108 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (55th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2025-65108?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-65108 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-65108 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-198317.
When was CVE-2025-65108 published?: CVE-2025-65108 was published on 2025-11-21 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Other CWE-94 (Code Injection) vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-57624 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Blocksy Companion Pro <= 2.1.46 versions.
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CVE-2026-10561 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.9.3 has an vulnerability due to an improper isolation of Python execution combined…
CVE-2026-25470 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in ACPT ACPT (Pro) - Custom Post Types Plugin…
CVE-2026-48836 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) in Easy Invoice <= 2.1.19 versions.

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