CVE-2025-65548
CVE-2025-65548 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Cashu Nutshell with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.1. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-1284.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.1)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (28th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-201796
- Weakness: CWE-1284
- Affected product: Cashu Nutshell
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
NUT-14 allows cashu tokens to be created with a preimage hash. However, nutshell (cashubtc/nuts) before 0.18.0 do not validate the size of preimage when the token is spent. The preimage is stored by the mint and attacker can exploit this vulnerability to fill the mint's db nd disk with arbitrary data.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-65548?
- NUT-14 allows cashu tokens to be created with a preimage hash. However, nutshell (cashubtc/nuts) before 0.18.0 do not validate the size of preimage when the token is spent. The preimage is stored by the mint and attacker can exploit this vulnerability to fill the mint's db nd disk with arbitrary data.
- How severe is CVE-2025-65548?
- CVE-2025-65548 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.1, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability none.
- Is CVE-2025-65548 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (28th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-65548?
- CVE-2025-65548 affects Cashu Nutshell. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-65548?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-65548 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-65548 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-201796.
- When was CVE-2025-65548 published?
- CVE-2025-65548 was published on 2025-12-08 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5564329
- https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu/2090
- https://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/07.md
- https://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/14.md
- https://github.com/jamesob/delving-bitcoin-archive/blob/master/archive/rendered-topics/2025-11-November/2025-11-02-public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu-id2090.md
- https://preimage007.github.io/
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:cashu:nutshell:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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