How severe is CVE-2025-65951?

CVE-2025-65951 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.7, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires high privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability none.

Is CVE-2025-65951 being actively exploited?

It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (1st percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

How do I fix CVE-2025-65951?

Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.

Does CVE-2025-65951 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?

Yes. CVE-2025-65951 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-199528.

When was CVE-2025-65951 published?

CVE-2025-65951 was published on 2025-11-25 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

CVE-2025-65951

CVE-2025-65951 is a high-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.7. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-200.

Key facts

Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 8.7)
EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (1st percentile)
Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-199528
Weakness: CWE-200
Published: 2025-11-25
Last modified: 2026-06-17

Description

Inside Track / Entropy Derby is a research-grade horse-racing betting engine. Prior to commit 2d38d2f, the VDF-based timelock encryption system fails to enforce sequential delay against the betting operator. Bettors pre-compute the entire Wesolowski VDF and include vdfOutputHex in their encrypted bet ticket, allowing the house to decrypt immediately using fast proof verification instead of expensive VDF evaluation. This issue has been patched via commit 2d38d2f.

Frequently asked questions

What is CVE-2025-65951?: Inside Track / Entropy Derby is a research-grade horse-racing betting engine. Prior to commit 2d38d2f, the VDF-based timelock encryption system fails to enforce sequential delay against the betting operator. Bettors pre-compute the entire Wesolowski VDF and include vdfOutputHex in their encrypted bet ticket, allowing the house to decrypt immediately using fast proof verification instead of expensive VDF evaluation. This issue has been patched via commit 2d38d2f.
How severe is CVE-2025-65951?: CVE-2025-65951 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.7, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires high privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability none.
Is CVE-2025-65951 being actively exploited?: It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (1st percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
How do I fix CVE-2025-65951?: Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
Does CVE-2025-65951 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?: Yes. CVE-2025-65951 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-199528.
When was CVE-2025-65951 published?: CVE-2025-65951 was published on 2025-11-25 and last updated on 2026-06-17.

References

Other CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-27604 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): FOSSBilling is a free, open-source billing and client management system. Starting in version 0.5.4 and prior to version…
CVE-2026-40965 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Cloud Foundry UAA versions v76.12.0 through v78.12.0 are vulnerable to a private key exposure. The server contains a…
CVE-2026-42826 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Exposure of sensitive information to an unauthorized actor in Azure DevOps allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose…
CVE-2025-29270 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Incorrect access control in the realtime.cgi endpoint of Deep Sea Electronics devices DSE855 v1.1.0 to v1.1.26 allows…
CVE-2025-61481 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): An issue in MikroTik RouterOS v.7.14.2 and SwOS v.2.18 exposes the WebFig management interface over cleartext HTTP by…
CVE-2025-53624 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): The Docusaurus gists plugin adds a page to your Docusaurus instance, displaying all public gists of a GitHub user.…

Browse all CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) vulnerabilities →