CVE-2025-68118
CVE-2025-68118 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Freerdp with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.1. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-125.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.1)
- CVSS v4: 6.6
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (12th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-204019
- Weakness: CWE-125
- Affected product: Freerdp
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.20.0, a vulnerability exists in FreeRDP’s certificate handling code on Windows platforms. The function `freerdp_certificate_data_hash_ uses` the Microsoft-specific `_snprintf` function to format certificate cache filenames without guaranteeing NUL termination when truncation occurs. According to Microsoft documentation, `_snprintf` does not append a terminating NUL byte if the formatted output exceeds the destination buffer size. If an attacker controls the hostname value (for example via server redirection or a crafted .rdp file), the resulting filename buffer may not be NUL-terminated. Subsequent string operations performed on this buffer may read beyond the allocated memory region, resulting in a heap-based out-of-bounds read. In default configurations, the connection is typically terminated before sensitive data can be meaningfully exposed, but unintended memory read or a client crash may still occur under certain conditions. Version 3.20.0 has a patch for the issue.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-68118?
- FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.20.0, a vulnerability exists in FreeRDP’s certificate handling code on Windows platforms. The function `freerdp_certificate_data_hash_ uses` the Microsoft-specific `_snprintf` function to format certificate cache filenames without guaranteeing NUL termination when truncation occurs. According to Microsoft documentation, `_snprintf` does not append a terminating NUL byte if the formatted output exceeds the destination buffer size. If an attacker controls the hostname value (for example via server redirection or a crafted .rdp file), the resulting filename buffer may not be NUL-terminated. Subsequent string operations performed on this buffer may read beyond the allocated memory region, resulting in a heap-based out-of-bounds read. In default configurations, the connection is typically terminated before sensitive data can be meaningfully exposed, but unintended memory read or a client crash may still occur under certain conditions. Version 3.20.0 has a patch for the issue.
- How severe is CVE-2025-68118?
- CVE-2025-68118 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.1, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity none, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2025-68118 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (12th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2025-68118?
- CVE-2025-68118 affects Freerdp. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-68118?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-68118 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-68118 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-204019.
- When was CVE-2025-68118 published?
- CVE-2025-68118 was published on 2025-12-17 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/commit/a0b21f992a9de1de2468fc9e600aa2b7a4066307
- https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advisories/GHSA-h78c-5cjx-jw6x
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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