CVE-2025-9494
CVE-2025-9494 is a high-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-78.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 4.0 base score 8.5)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (48th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2025-30434
- Weakness: CWE-78
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
An OS command injection vulnerability has been discovered in the Vitogate 300, which can be exploited by malicious users to compromise affected installations. Specifically, the `/cgi-bin/vitogate.cgi` endpoint is affected, when the `form` JSON parameter is set to `form-0-2`. The vulnerability stems from the fact that that function at offset 0x21c24 does not properly sanitize supplied input before interpolating it into a format string which gets passed to `popen()`. Consequently, an authenticated attacker is able to inject arbitrary OS commands and thus gain code execution on affected devices.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2025-9494?
- An OS command injection vulnerability has been discovered in the Vitogate 300, which can be exploited by malicious users to compromise affected installations. Specifically, the `/cgi-bin/vitogate.cgi` endpoint is affected, when the `form` JSON parameter is set to `form-0-2`. The vulnerability stems from the fact that that function at offset 0x21c24 does not properly sanitize supplied input before interpolating it into a format string which gets passed to `popen()`. Consequently, an authenticated attacker is able to inject arbitrary OS commands and thus gain code execution on affected devices.
- How severe is CVE-2025-9494?
- CVE-2025-9494 has a CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.5, rated high severity.
- Is CVE-2025-9494 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (48th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- How do I fix CVE-2025-9494?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2025-9494 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2025-9494 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2025-30434.
- When was CVE-2025-9494 published?
- CVE-2025-9494 was published on 2025-09-23 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
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