CVE-2026-10665
CVE-2026-10665 is a high-severity vulnerability in Zephyrproject Zephyr with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.4. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-787.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.4)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (37th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- Weakness: CWE-787
- Affected product: Zephyrproject Zephyr
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
In Zephyr's WireGuard subsystem (subsys/net/lib/wireguard), wg_process_data_message() in wg_crypto.c linearizes an inbound transport-data payload into a fixed pool buffer of CONFIG_WIREGUARD_BUF_LEN bytes before decryption. The call net_buf_linearize(buf->data, data_len, pkt->buffer, ..., data_len) passed the attacker-derived data_len as both the destination capacity and the copy length, defeating the function's internal len = min(len, dst_len) bound. data_len is derived from the received UDP datagram length and is only lower-bounded by wg_ctrl_recv() (no upper bound). When data_len exceeds CONFIG_WIREGUARD_BUF_LEN — e.g. when the buffer length is lowered below the link MTU, on links with MTU above the buffer size, or via reassembled IPv4/IPv6 fragments that exceed it — the underlying memcpy writes past the end of the pool buffer, an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787). The overflow occurs before the Poly1305 authentication check, so it requires only a valid receiver session index rather than a valid authenticator, and is reachable by a malicious or compromised peer (or an on-path attacker driving an established session) over the network, yielding remote memory corruption and at minimum a reliable denial of service. The defect was present in the WireGuard implementation shipped in Zephyr 4.4.0. The fix adds an explicit data_len > CONFIG_WIREGUARD_BUF_LEN rejection and corrects the linearize call to pass net_buf_max_len(buf) as the destination capacity.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-10665?
- In Zephyr's WireGuard subsystem (subsys/net/lib/wireguard), wg_process_data_message() in wg_crypto.c linearizes an inbound transport-data payload into a fixed pool buffer of CONFIG_WIREGUARD_BUF_LEN bytes before decryption. The call net_buf_linearize(buf->data, data_len, pkt->buffer, ..., data_len) passed the attacker-derived data_len as both the destination capacity and the copy length, defeating the function's internal len = min(len, dst_len) bound. data_len is derived from the received UDP datagram length and is only lower-bounded by wg_ctrl_recv() (no upper bound). When data_len exceeds CONFIG_WIREGUARD_BUF_LEN — e.g. when the buffer length is lowered below the link MTU, on links with MTU above the buffer size, or via reassembled IPv4/IPv6 fragments that exceed it — the underlying memcpy writes past the end of the pool buffer, an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787). The overflow occurs before the Poly1305 authentication check, so it requires only a valid receiver session index rather than a valid authenticator, and is reachable by a malicious or compromised peer (or an on-path attacker driving an established session) over the network, yielding remote memory corruption and at minimum a reliable denial of service. The defect was present in the WireGuard implementation shipped in Zephyr 4.4.0. The fix adds an explicit data_len > CONFIG_WIREGUARD_BUF_LEN rejection and corrects the linearize call to pass net_buf_max_len(buf) as the destination capacity.
- How severe is CVE-2026-10665?
- CVE-2026-10665 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.4, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with high attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2026-10665 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (37th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-10665?
- CVE-2026-10665 primarily affects Zephyrproject Zephyr. In total, 3 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-10665?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- When was CVE-2026-10665 published?
- CVE-2026-10665 was published on 2026-07-12 and last updated on 2026-07-16.
References
- https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/commit/6d8bb28dc9064e05e52b5a00b2998ecc663e38cb
- https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-3wqm-wgx2-9367
Affected products (3)
- cpe:2.3:o:zephyrproject:zephyr:4.4.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:zephyrproject:zephyr:4.4.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:zephyrproject:zephyr:4.4.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
More vulnerabilities in Zephyrproject Zephyr
- CVE-2026-5067 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): A remote, unauthenticated attacker can trigger memory corruption in Zephyr's HTTP server WebSocket upgrade path by…
- CVE-2022-3806 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Inconsistent handling of error cases in bluetooth hci may lead to a double free condition of a network buffer.
- CVE-2017-14199 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): A buffer overflow has been found in the Zephyr Project's getaddrinfo() implementation in 1.9.0 and 1.10.0.
- CVE-2018-1000800 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): zephyr-rtos version 1.12.0 contains a NULL base pointer reference vulnerability in sys_ring_buf_put(),…
- CVE-2021-3329 — Critical (CVSS 9.6): Lack of proper validation in HCI Host stack initialization can cause a crash of the bluetooth stack
- CVE-2023-0397 — Critical (CVSS 9.6): A malicious / defect bluetooth controller can cause a Denial of Service due to unchecked input in…
All CVEs affecting Zephyrproject Zephyr →
Other CWE-787 (Out-of-bounds Write) vulnerabilities
- CVE-2026-42369 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): GV-VMS V20 is a Video Monitoring Software used to gather the feeds of many surveillance cameras and manage other…
- CVE-2026-4746 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in timeplus-io proton (base/poco/Foundation/src modules). This vulnerability is…
- CVE-2025-43300 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved bounds checking. This issue is fixed in iOS 15.8.5 and iPadOS…
- CVE-2025-24201 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): An out-of-bounds write issue was addressed with improved checks to prevent unauthorized actions. This issue is fixed in…
- CVE-2024-42479 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): llama.cpp provides LLM inference in C/C++. The unsafe `data` pointer member in the `rpc_tensor` structure can cause…
- CVE-2024-39791 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Stack-based buffer overflow vulnerabilities affecting Vonets industrial wifi bridge relays and wifi bridge…