CVE-2026-12143
CVE-2026-12143 is a high-severity vulnerability with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-93.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.5)
- CVSS v4: 8.7
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (33rd percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-36524
- Weakness: CWE-93
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
form-data is a library for creating readable multipart/form-data streams. In versions through 4.0.5, the `field` argument to `FormData#append` and the `filename` option are concatenated verbatim into the `Content-Disposition` header without escaping carriage return (CR), line feed (LF), or double-quote (") characters. An application that passes attacker-controlled data as a field name or filename (for example, an API gateway that turns JSON object keys into multipart field names) allows the attacker to terminate the header line and inject additional headers, or to smuggle entire additional multipart parts, into the request the application forwards to a backend. This can let the attacker add or override form fields (e.g. set `is_admin=true`) seen by the downstream parser. This is an instance of CWE-93 (CRLF injection). The fix escapes CR, LF, and `"` as `%0D`, `%0A`, and `%22` in field names and filenames, matching the serialization browsers use per the WHATWG HTML multipart/form-data encoding algorithm. Exploitation requires the consuming application to use untrusted input as a field name or filename; applications that use only fixed/trusted field names are not affected. Fixed in 2.5.6, 3.0.5, and 4.0.6.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-12143?
- form-data is a library for creating readable multipart/form-data streams. In versions through 4.0.5, the `field` argument to `FormData#append` and the `filename` option are concatenated verbatim into the `Content-Disposition` header without escaping carriage return (CR), line feed (LF), or double-quote (") characters. An application that passes attacker-controlled data as a field name or filename (for example, an API gateway that turns JSON object keys into multipart field names) allows the attacker to terminate the header line and inject additional headers, or to smuggle entire additional multipart parts, into the request the application forwards to a backend. This can let the attacker add or override form fields (e.g. set `is_admin=true`) seen by the downstream parser. This is an instance of CWE-93 (CRLF injection). The fix escapes CR, LF, and `"` as `%0D`, `%0A`, and `%22` in field names and filenames, matching the serialization browsers use per the WHATWG HTML multipart/form-data encoding algorithm. Exploitation requires the consuming application to use untrusted input as a field name or filename; applications that use only fixed/trusted field names are not affected. Fixed in 2.5.6, 3.0.5, and 4.0.6.
- How severe is CVE-2026-12143?
- CVE-2026-12143 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.5, rated high severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is none, integrity high, and availability none.
- Is CVE-2026-12143 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (33rd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-12143?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2026-12143 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-12143 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-36524.
- When was CVE-2026-12143 published?
- CVE-2026-12143 was published on 2026-06-12 and last updated on 2026-07-08.
References
- https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/93.html
- https://github.com/form-data/form-data/commit/64190db548c0179e37206858e39f27cf513e9435
- https://github.com/form-data/form-data/commit/be3f3cf553978bac15a5182f1f3c3d2d38ccf229
- https://github.com/form-data/form-data/commit/c7133499c2ee1b80c678e411244f4442bf902045
- https://github.com/form-data/form-data/security/advisories/GHSA-hmw2-7cc7-3qxx
- https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/form-control-infrastructure.html#multipart-form-data
- https://www.npmjs.com/package/form-data
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33155
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33160
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33163
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33173
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:33183
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34342
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36319
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:36625
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-12143
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2488480
- https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-12143.json
Other CWE-93 (CRLF Injection) vulnerabilities
- CVE-2024-51501 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Refit is an automatic type-safe REST library for .NET Core, Xamarin and .NET The various header-related Refit…
- CVE-2026-45372 — Critical (CVSS 9.9): cpp-httplib is a C++11 single-file header-only cross platform HTTP/HTTPS library. Prior to 0.44.0, when cpp-httplib's…
- CVE-2026-11362 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): DataDog::DogStatsd versions through 0.07 for Perl allow metric injections from event tags. DataDog::DogStatsd does not…
- CVE-2025-40671 — Critical (CVSS 9.3): SQL injection vulnerability in AES Multimedia's Gestnet v1.07. This vulnerability allows an attacker to retrieve,…
- CVE-2026-11373 — Critical (CVSS 9.1): Net::Statsite::Client versions through 1.1.0 for Perl allow metric injections. Net::Statsite::Client is a client for…
- CVE-2026-50638 — Critical (CVSS 9.1): Metrics::Any::Adapter::DogStatsd versions before 0.04 for Perl does not protect against metric injections. The statsd…