CVE-2026-31788
CVE-2026-31788 is a high-severity vulnerability in Linux Linux Kernel with a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.2. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 8.2)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (5th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-15401
- Affected product: Linux Linux Kernel
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xen/privcmd: restrict usage in unprivileged domU The Xen privcmd driver allows to issue arbitrary hypercalls from user space processes. This is normally no problem, as access is usually limited to root and the hypervisor will deny any hypercalls affecting other domains. In case the guest is booted using secure boot, however, the privcmd driver would be enabling a root user process to modify e.g. kernel memory contents, thus breaking the secure boot feature. The only known case where an unprivileged domU is really needing to use the privcmd driver is the case when it is acting as the device model for another guest. In this case all hypercalls issued via the privcmd driver will target that other guest. Fortunately the privcmd driver can already be locked down to allow only hypercalls targeting a specific domain, but this mode can be activated from user land only today. The target domain can be obtained from Xenstore, so when not running in dom0 restrict the privcmd driver to that target domain from the beginning, resolving the potential problem of breaking secure boot. This is XSA-482 --- V2: - defer reading from Xenstore if Xenstore isn't ready yet (Jan Beulich) - wait in open() if target domain isn't known yet - issue message in case no target domain found (Jan Beulich)
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-31788?
- In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xen/privcmd: restrict usage in unprivileged domU The Xen privcmd driver allows to issue arbitrary hypercalls from user space processes. This is normally no problem, as access is usually limited to root and the hypervisor will deny any hypercalls affecting other domains. In case the guest is booted using secure boot, however, the privcmd driver would be enabling a root user process to modify e.g. kernel memory contents, thus breaking the secure boot feature. The only known case where an unprivileged domU is really needing to use the privcmd driver is the case when it is acting as the device model for another guest. In this case all hypercalls issued via the privcmd driver will target that other guest. Fortunately the privcmd driver can already be locked down to allow only hypercalls targeting a specific domain, but this mode can be activated from user land only today. The target domain can be obtained from Xenstore, so when not running in dom0 restrict the privcmd driver to that target domain from the beginning, resolving the potential problem of breaking secure boot. This is XSA-482 --- V2: - defer reading from Xenstore if Xenstore isn't ready yet (Jan Beulich) - wait in open() if target domain isn't known yet - issue message in case no target domain found (Jan Beulich)
- How severe is CVE-2026-31788?
- CVE-2026-31788 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.2, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires high privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2026-31788 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (5th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-31788?
- CVE-2026-31788 primarily affects Linux Linux Kernel. In total, 9 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-31788?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2026-31788 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-31788 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-15401.
- When was CVE-2026-31788 published?
- CVE-2026-31788 was published on 2026-03-25 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1879319d790f7d57622cdc22807b60ea78b56b6d
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/389bae9a4409934e8b8d4dbdaaf02a3ae71cf8e4
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ee5b9e3de4b8bdd74183d83205481c91a9effc8
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/453b8fb68f3641fea970db88b7d9a153ed2a37e8
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4eb245ff0d33b618e097a2c23de5df56d4ad6969
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78432d8f0372c71c518096395537fa12be7ff24e
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/87a803edb2ded911cb587c53bff179d2a2ed2a28
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cbede2e833da1893afbea9b3ff29b5dda23a4a91
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/03/24/2
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/03/24/3
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/03/24/4
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/03/24/5
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/03/26/4
- http://xenbits.xen.org/xsa/advisory-482.html
Affected products (9)
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:2.6.37:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*
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