CVE-2026-33228
CVE-2026-33228 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Webreflection Flatted with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-1321.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
- CVSS v4: 8.9
- EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (52nd percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-13881
- Weakness: CWE-1321
- Affected product: Webreflection Flatted
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
flatted is a circular JSON parser. Prior to version 3.4.2, the parse() function in flatted can use attacker-controlled string values from the parsed JSON as direct array index keys, without validating that they are numeric. Since the internal input buffer is a JavaScript Array, accessing it with the key "__proto__" returns Array.prototype via the inherited getter. This object is then treated as a legitimate parsed value and assigned as a property of the output object, effectively leaking a live reference to Array.prototype to the consumer. Any code that subsequently writes to that property will pollute the global prototype. This issue has been patched in version 3.4.2.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-33228?
- flatted is a circular JSON parser. Prior to version 3.4.2, the parse() function in flatted can use attacker-controlled string values from the parsed JSON as direct array index keys, without validating that they are numeric. Since the internal input buffer is a JavaScript Array, accessing it with the key "__proto__" returns Array.prototype via the inherited getter. This object is then treated as a legitimate parsed value and assigned as a property of the output object, effectively leaking a live reference to Array.prototype to the consumer. Any code that subsequently writes to that property will pollute the global prototype. This issue has been patched in version 3.4.2.
- How severe is CVE-2026-33228?
- CVE-2026-33228 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2026-33228 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (52nd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-33228?
- CVE-2026-33228 affects Webreflection Flatted. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-33228?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2026-33228 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-33228 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-13881.
- When was CVE-2026-33228 published?
- CVE-2026-33228 was published on 2026-03-20 and last updated on 2026-07-02.
References
- https://github.com/WebReflection/flatted/commit/885ddcc33cf9657caf38c57c7be45ae1c5272802
- https://github.com/WebReflection/flatted/releases/tag/v3.4.2
- https://github.com/WebReflection/flatted/security/advisories/GHSA-rf6f-7fwh-wjgh
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13826
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34342
- https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:9742
- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-33228
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2449872
- https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-33228.json
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:webreflection:flatted:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
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