CVE-2026-33994
CVE-2026-33994 is a critical-severity vulnerability in Locutus with a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-1321.
Key facts
- Severity: Critical (CVSS 3.x base score 9.8)
- CVSS v4: 6.3
- EPSS exploit prediction: 1% (43rd percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-16890
- Weakness: CWE-1321
- Affected product: Locutus
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
Locutus brings stdlibs of other programming languages to JavaScript for educational purposes. Starting in version 2.0.39 and prior to version 3.0.25, a prototype pollution vulnerability exists in the `parse_str` function of the npm package locutus. An attacker can pollute `Object.prototype` by overriding `RegExp.prototype.test` and then passing a crafted query string to `parse_str`, bypassing the prototype pollution guard. This vulnerability stems from an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-25521. The CVE-2026-25521 patch replaced the `String.prototype.includes()`-based guard with a `RegExp.prototype.test()`-based guard. However, `RegExp.prototype.test` is itself a writable prototype method that can be overridden, making the new guard bypassable in the same way as the original — trading one hijackable built-in for another. Version 3.0.25 contains an updated fix.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-33994?
- Locutus brings stdlibs of other programming languages to JavaScript for educational purposes. Starting in version 2.0.39 and prior to version 3.0.25, a prototype pollution vulnerability exists in the `parse_str` function of the npm package locutus. An attacker can pollute `Object.prototype` by overriding `RegExp.prototype.test` and then passing a crafted query string to `parse_str`, bypassing the prototype pollution guard. This vulnerability stems from an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-25521. The CVE-2026-25521 patch replaced the `String.prototype.includes()`-based guard with a `RegExp.prototype.test()`-based guard. However, `RegExp.prototype.test` is itself a writable prototype method that can be overridden, making the new guard bypassable in the same way as the original — trading one hijackable built-in for another. Version 3.0.25 contains an updated fix.
- How severe is CVE-2026-33994?
- CVE-2026-33994 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 9.8, rated critical severity. It is exploitable over network with low attack complexity, requires no privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2026-33994 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 1% (43rd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-33994?
- CVE-2026-33994 affects Locutus. See the affected-products list for the exact vulnerable versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-33994?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its critical severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2026-33994 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-33994 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-16890.
- When was CVE-2026-33994 published?
- CVE-2026-33994 was published on 2026-03-27 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://github.com/locutusjs/locutus/commit/345a6211e1e6f939f96a7090bfeff642c9fcf9e4
- https://github.com/locutusjs/locutus/pull/597
- https://github.com/locutusjs/locutus/releases/tag/v3.0.25
- https://github.com/locutusjs/locutus/security/advisories/GHSA-vc8f-x9pp-wf5p
Affected products (1)
- cpe:2.3:a:locutus:locutus:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
More vulnerabilities in Locutus
- CVE-2026-33993 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Locutus brings stdlibs of other programming languages to JavaScript for educational purposes. Prior to version 3.0.25,…
- CVE-2026-32304 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Locutus brings stdlibs of other programming languages to JavaScript for educational purposes. Prior to 3.0.14, the…
- CVE-2020-7719 — Critical (CVSS 9.8): Versions of package locutus before 2.0.12 are vulnerable to prototype Pollution via the php.strings.parse_str function.
- CVE-2026-25521 — High (CVSS 8.8): Locutus brings stdlibs of other programming languages to JavaScript for educational purposes. In versions from 2.0.12…
- CVE-2026-29091 — High (CVSS 8.1): Locutus brings stdlibs of other programming languages to JavaScript for educational purposes. Prior to version 3.0.0, a…
- CVE-2021-23392 — Medium (CVSS 5.3): The package locutus before 2.0.15 are vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) via the…
Other CWE-1321 (Prototype Pollution) vulnerabilities
- CVE-2026-25142 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): SandboxJS is a JavaScript sandboxing library. Prior to 0.8.27, SanboxJS does not properly restrict __lookupGetter__…
- CVE-2024-39008 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): robinweser fast-loops v1.1.3 was discovered to contain a prototype pollution via the function objectMergeDeep. This…
- CVE-2024-38999 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): jrburke requirejs v2.3.6 was discovered to contain a prototype pollution via the function s.contexts._.configure. This…
- CVE-2022-29823 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Feather-Sequalize cleanQuery method uses insecure recursive logic to filter unsupported keys from the query object.…
- CVE-2022-24760 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Parse Server is an open source http web server backend. In versions prior to 4.10.7 there is a Remote Code Execution…
- CVE-2020-12079 — Critical (CVSS 10.0): Beaker before 0.8.9 allows a sandbox escape, enabling system access and code execution. This occurs because Electron…