CVE-2026-39461
CVE-2026-39461 is a high-severity vulnerability in Freebsd with a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-121.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 8.8)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (7th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-31258
- Weakness: CWE-121
- Affected product: Freebsd
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
libcasper(3) communicates with helper processes via UNIX domain sockets, and uses the select(2) system call to wait for data to become available. However, it does not verify that its socket descriptor fits within select(2)'s descriptor set size limit of FD_SETSIZE (1024). An attacker able to cause an application using libcasper(3) to allocate large file descriptors, e.g., by opening many descriptors and executing a program which is not careful to close them upon startup, may trigger stack corruption. If the target application runs with setuid root privileges, this could be used to escalate local privileges.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-39461?
- libcasper(3) communicates with helper processes via UNIX domain sockets, and uses the select(2) system call to wait for data to become available. However, it does not verify that its socket descriptor fits within select(2)'s descriptor set size limit of FD_SETSIZE (1024). An attacker able to cause an application using libcasper(3) to allocate large file descriptors, e.g., by opening many descriptors and executing a program which is not careful to close them upon startup, may trigger stack corruption. If the target application runs with setuid root privileges, this could be used to escalate local privileges.
- How severe is CVE-2026-39461?
- CVE-2026-39461 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 8.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2026-39461 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (7th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-39461?
- CVE-2026-39461 primarily affects Freebsd. In total, 29 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-39461?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2026-39461 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-39461 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-31258.
- When was CVE-2026-39461 published?
- CVE-2026-39461 was published on 2026-05-21 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
Affected products (29)
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p12:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p13:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
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