CVE-2026-45250
CVE-2026-45250 is a high-severity vulnerability in Freebsd with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-121.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.8)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (33rd percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-31252
- Weakness: CWE-121
- Affected product: Freebsd
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
The setcred(2) system call is only available to privileged users. However, before the privilege level of the caller is checked, the user-supplied list of supplementary groups is copied into a fixed-size kernel stack buffer without first validating its length. If the supplied list exceeds the capacity of that buffer, a stack buffer overflow occurs. Because the bounds check on the supplementary groups list occurs after the kernel stack buffer has already been written, an unprivileged local user may trigger the overflow without holding any special privilege. Successful exploitation may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel, allowing an unprivileged local user to gain elevated privileges on the affected system.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-45250?
- The setcred(2) system call is only available to privileged users. However, before the privilege level of the caller is checked, the user-supplied list of supplementary groups is copied into a fixed-size kernel stack buffer without first validating its length. If the supplied list exceeds the capacity of that buffer, a stack buffer overflow occurs. Because the bounds check on the supplementary groups list occurs after the kernel stack buffer has already been written, an unprivileged local user may trigger the overflow without holding any special privilege. Successful exploitation may allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel, allowing an unprivileged local user to gain elevated privileges on the affected system.
- How severe is CVE-2026-45250?
- CVE-2026-45250 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2026-45250 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (33rd percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-45250?
- CVE-2026-45250 primarily affects Freebsd. In total, 29 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-45250?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2026-45250 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-45250 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-31252.
- When was CVE-2026-45250 published?
- CVE-2026-45250 was published on 2026-05-21 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
- https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-26:18.setcred.asc
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/21/18
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/21/3
- http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/22/5
Affected products (29)
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p12:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p13:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
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