CVE-2026-45251
CVE-2026-45251 is a high-severity vulnerability in Freebsd with a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8. It is not currently listed as actively exploited by CISA, and its EPSS exploit-prediction score is low. The underlying weakness is classified as CWE-416.
Key facts
- Severity: High (CVSS 3.x base score 7.8)
- EPSS exploit prediction: 0% (7th percentile)
- Actively exploited: Not listed in CISA KEV
- EU (EUVD) id: EUVD-2026-31256
- Weakness: CWE-416
- Affected product: Freebsd
- Published:
- Last modified:
Description
A file descriptor can be closed while a thread is blocked in a poll(2) or select(2) call waiting for that descriptor. Because the blocked thread does not hold a reference to the underlying object, this closure may result in the object being freed while the thread remains blocked. In this situation, the kernel must remove the blocked thread from the per-object wait queue prior to freeing the object. In the case of some file descriptor types, the kernel failed to unlink blocked threads from the object before freeing it. When the blocked thread is subsequently woken, it accesses memory that has already been freed resulting in a use-after-free vulnerability. The use-after-free vulnerability may be triggered by an unprivileged local user and can be exploited to obtain superuser privileges.
Frequently asked questions
- What is CVE-2026-45251?
- A file descriptor can be closed while a thread is blocked in a poll(2) or select(2) call waiting for that descriptor. Because the blocked thread does not hold a reference to the underlying object, this closure may result in the object being freed while the thread remains blocked. In this situation, the kernel must remove the blocked thread from the per-object wait queue prior to freeing the object. In the case of some file descriptor types, the kernel failed to unlink blocked threads from the object before freeing it. When the blocked thread is subsequently woken, it accesses memory that has already been freed resulting in a use-after-free vulnerability. The use-after-free vulnerability may be triggered by an unprivileged local user and can be exploited to obtain superuser privileges.
- How severe is CVE-2026-45251?
- CVE-2026-45251 has a CVSS 3.x base score of 7.8, rated high severity. It is exploitable over local access with low attack complexity, requires low privileges and no user interaction. Impact on confidentiality is high, integrity high, and availability high.
- Is CVE-2026-45251 being actively exploited?
- It is not currently listed in CISA's KEV catalog. Its EPSS exploit-prediction score is 0% (7th percentile), an estimate of the probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.
- What products are affected by CVE-2026-45251?
- CVE-2026-45251 primarily affects Freebsd. In total, 29 product configurations (CPEs) are listed as vulnerable; see the affected-products list for the exact versions.
- How do I fix CVE-2026-45251?
- Review the linked vendor and NVD advisories for patched versions and mitigations, then upgrade or apply the recommended workaround. Given its high severity, prioritise patching exposed systems.
- Does CVE-2026-45251 have an EU (EUVD) identifier?
- Yes. CVE-2026-45251 is tracked in the ENISA EU Vulnerability Database (EUVD) as EUVD-2026-31256.
- When was CVE-2026-45251 published?
- CVE-2026-45251 was published on 2026-05-21 and last updated on 2026-06-17.
References
Affected products (29)
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p10:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p11:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p12:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p13:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.3:p9:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:14.4:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p6:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p7:*:*:*:*:*:*
- cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:15.0:p8:*:*:*:*:*:*
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